摘要
自2010年起,全国各地围绕街道办事处逐步开展对“执法权下沉到底”的实践探索。但其核心内容,执法权下沉到底的法理内涵、本质属性和构成要素,如行政执法主体资格、相关职权职责及其法权设定等根本性问题,仍属模糊领地。文章在研究上述理论问题的逻辑前提下,即通过对改革依据的法理解读及各地下放执法权的类型化的事实分析,在明确执法权下放之内涵,承接客体的法属性,承接内容的原则规律,及动态执法过程之法理逻辑等问题的基础上,努力探寻执法权下沉到底之法治改革路径——立基于宪法、立法法之规定,建议将国家主要改革政策法律化,为改革立本;通过《地方组织法》对街道职权设定内容及标准的明确化,《城市街道组织法》的特别具体化展开,为改革正名;通过《行政强制法》等行为法的匹配性修订,为改革立据;通过地方性法规、地方政府规章对法律的有效承接,逐步理顺自上而下的法律脉络,保障改革运行的规范化、制度化,提升改革整体法治化水平。
Since 2010,various regions across China have gradually explored the practice of“delegating law enforcement authority to the primary-levels”by taking sub-district offices as the key law enforcement entities.However,the core elements such as the legal connotations,essential attributes,and constitutive factors of delegated law enforcement—specifically,the administrative law enforcement entity's qualification,relevant powers,and duties,as well as the fundamental issues of legal authority setup—remain ambiguous.This article,based on the logical premise of studying the aforementioned theoretical issues,aims to elucidate the connotations of delegated law enforcement,the legal attributes of the delegated entities,the principles governing the content to which they are delegated,and the legal logic of the dynamic law enforcement process through legal interpretation of the basis for the reform and a factual analysis of the types of delegated law enforcement across different regions.It seeks to explore the legal reform path for delegating law enforcement authority to the primary-level governments.The recommendations include legalizing major national reform policies based on the provisions of the Constitution and the Legislative Law to lay the foundation for reforms;clarifying the content and standards of sub-district office powers through amendments to the Local Organization Law,specifically through a detailed Urban Sub-district Organization Law to legitimize the reform;revising operational laws such as the Administrative Enforcement Law to support the reform;and ensuring the effective accommodation of laws through local regulations and government rules to progressively streamline the top-down legal framework.These measures aim to standardize,institutionalize,and enhance the overall level of rule of law in the reform process.
出处
《法治现代化研究》
CSSCI
2024年第5期100-113,共14页
Law and Modernization
基金
武汉市社科基金后期资助项目“‘执法权下沉到底’的法理内涵与生成逻辑”(2022024)
江汉大学城市发展与治理现代化研究基地课题的阶段性成果
关键词
街道办事处
执法权下沉
承接客体
法治化
sub-district office
delegation of law enforcement authority
delegated entities
lawbased operation
