摘要
目的分析嘉兴市人间布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)流行特征和感染方式,为完善布病防控策略提供依据。方法收集2021年1月至2023年12月嘉兴市报告的布病疫情数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果2021-2023年嘉兴市共报告布病病例122例,年均发病率为0.74/10万,各年度发病率分别为0.43/10万、1.03/10万、0.77/10万,呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=4.38,P=0.036)。发病时间主要集中在3-8月(88例);布病病例主要分布在桐乡市(102例);男性发病率(2.98/10万)大于女性(1.41/10万,χ^(2)=15.00,P<0.001);发病年龄集中在40~69岁(100例),其中60~69岁组发病率较高(5.50/10万)。职业人群(72例)主要感染方式为屠宰羊和处理下脚料,分别占18.03%(22/122)、17.21%(21/122)。非职业人群(46例)主要感染方式为清理及烹食染疫羊羔和接触病羊污染环境,均占18.03%(22/122)。其中,清理、烹食染疫羊羔患病占比呈逐年递增趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=9.44,P=0.002)。布病患者发病到确诊时间间隔为20(10,40)d。布鲁氏菌血清学检测试管凝集试验(SAT)阳性检出率为67.88%(93/137),病原学检测病例分离菌株均为羊种布鲁氏菌。结论2021-2023年嘉兴市人间布病发病率呈上升趋势。发病人群以职业人群为主,但非职业人群患病比例日益增加。建议各地在做好职业人群布病防控工作基础上规划落实好非职业人群布病防控措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and infection modes of human brucellosis in Jiaxing City,and provide a basis for refining brucellosis prevention and control strategies.Methods Data on brucellosis epidemic reported in Jiaxing City from January 2021 to December 2023 were collected,and statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive epidemiology method.Results A total of 122 cases of brucellosis were reported in Jiaxing City from 2021 to 2023,with an average annual incidence rate of 0.74/100000.Specifically,the incidence rates from 2021 to 2023 were 0.43/100000,1.03/100000 and 0.77/100000,respectively,showing an upward trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=4.38,P=0.036).The onset time was mainly from March to August(88 cases).The cases of brucellosis were mainly distributed in Tongxiang City(102 cases).The incidence rate of male(2.98/100000)was higher than that of female(1.41/100000,χ^(2)=15.00,P<0.001).The age of onset was concentrated in 40-69 years old(100 cases),the incidence rate of 60-69 years old was higher(5.50/100000).The main modes of infection among occupational population(72 cases)were slaughtering sheep and handling sheep scraps,accounting for 18.03%(22/122)and 17.21%(21/122),respectively.The main modes of infection for non-occupational population(46 cases)were cleaning and cooking of infected lambs and exposure to contaminated environments from diseased sheep,both accounting for 18.03%(22/122).Among them,the proportion of patients with the disease through cleaning and cooking infected lambs showed an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2)_(trend)=9.44,P=0.002).The average time interval between the onset and diagnosis of brucellosis in patients was 20(10,40)d.The positive detection rate of standard tube agglutination test(SAT)in Brucella serological test was 67.88%(93/137),and the identification results of all case strains through pathogenic test were Brucella melitensis.Conclusions The incidence rate of human brucellosis in Jiaxing City from 2021 to 2023 has shown an upward trend.The main population affected by the disease is occupational,but the proportion of non-occupational patients is increasing.Currently.It is suggested that targeted measures should be formulated for non-occupational population while implementing the prevention and control measures for occupational population.
作者
王远航
富小飞
亓云鹏
Wang Yuanhang;Fu Xiaofei;Qi Yunpeng(Department for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaxing 314050,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
北大核心
2024年第10期803-807,共5页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
基金
嘉兴市科技计划项目(2022AY30026)
关键词
布鲁氏菌病
流行特征
感染方式
Brucellosis
Epidemic characteristics
Infection mode
