摘要
对外国船舶司法出售的承认一直是困扰国际社会的难题。《联合国船舶司法出售国际效力公约》在中国的倡导下成功问世,为该问题提供了中国方案。然而,《北京公约》如何与国内法衔接并在国内落地实施,则需要结合公约及我国国内立法区分不同情况予以处理。一方面,依据《对外关系法》,缔约国船舶司法出售在我国的承认应以《北京公约》为依据;另一方面,由于非缔约国船舶司法出售在我国的承认缺少国际法依据,同时也缺少直接的国内法依据,我国《对外关系法》中的平等互惠原则构成处理该问题的指导性原则。鉴于《北京公约》对于我国参与国际法规则制定的特殊意义,我国应采信法律互惠的标准,积极对非缔约国予以施惠,力求实现公约的广泛签署。
The recognition of judicial sales of foreign ships has long been a challenge for the international community.United Nations Convention on the International Effect of Judicial Sales of Ships(hereinafter referred to as the Beijing Convention),successfully established under China's initiative,offers a solution.However,the integration of Beijing Convention with domestic law and its implementation requires careful differentiation of circumstances based on the Convention and domestic legislative realities.On the one hand,according to The Law on Foreign Relations,the recognition of judicial sales of contracting parties'ships in China should be based on Beijing Convention.On the other hand,the lack of international legal basis for the recognition of non-contracting parties'judicial sales in China,coupled with the absence of direct domestic legal support,means that the principle of equality and reciprocity in China's The Law on Foreign Relations should serve as a guiding principle for addressing this issue.Given Beijing Convention's significance for China's participation in international law-making,China should adopt a standard of legal reciprocity to actively extend benefits to noncontracting parties,aiming for widespread signing of the Convention.
出处
《法治现代化研究》
CSSCI
2024年第6期92-108,共17页
Law and Modernization
关键词
对外关系法
船舶司法出售
国际司法合作
公共政策
平等互惠原则
law on foreign relations
judicial sale of ships
international judicial cooperation
public policy
equality and reciprocity principle
