摘要
矿山开采,如黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿等硫化物开采过程中,大量硫化物矿石/尾矿堆积,在空气、水和微生物共同作用下,硫化物矿物发生溶蚀、氧化、水解等一系列物理化学反应,形成富含大量溶解态重金属离子的矿山酸性废水。矿山酸性废水p H值极低,硫酸盐和重金属离子(Cd、Cu、Mn、Pb、Zn、As)的含量较高,对周边环境造成了严重破坏,矿山关闭数十年后矿山酸性废水问题也一直困扰着当地居民。本项目拟研发一种稳定、低成本和无二次污染的复合型表面钝化材料用于从源头控制矿山酸性废水。将该材料喷洒在矿石/尾矿表面快速形成双层表面钝化膜:内层为中和-杀菌层,用于中和硫化矿物表面的自然氧化酸性物质,同时抑制矿物表面微生物活性;外层为聚硅氧烷或二氧化硅超疏水层,用于隔绝水分和空气的影响。该材料可避免硫化矿物与空气、水和微生物的接触,从产生途径上切断酸矿废水。
Minings,such as pyrite,pyrrhotite,arsenopyrite and other sulfide mining process,with a large number of sulfide ores/tailings accumulate,under the combined action of air,water,microorganisms,and sulfide minerals are dissolved and oxidized,hydrolysis and a series of physical and chemical reactions to form mine acid wastewater rich in a large amount of dissolved heavy metal ions.The pH of mine acid wastewater is extremely low,and the contents of sulfate and heavy metal ions(Cd,Cu,Mn,Pb,Zn,As)are higher,which has caused serious damage to the surrounding environment and effected local residents.This study intends to develop a stable,low-cost and no secondary pollution composite surface passivation material to control mine acid wastewater from the source.The material is sprayed on the surface of ore/tailings to quickly form a double-layer surface passivation film,which the inner layer is a neutralization-sterilization layer,which is used to neutralize the naturally oxidized acidic substances on the surface of sulfide minerals,while inhibiting the activity of microorganisms on the surface of minerals;The material can avoid the contact of sulfide minerals with air,water and microorganisms,and cut off acid mine wastewater from the production route.
作者
郭富强
潘磊
吕宇
戴家生
GUO Fuqiang;PAN Lei;LV Yu;DAI Jiasheng(Zhejiang Administration of Coal Geology the First Team of Exploration,Huzhou,Zhejiang,313004)
出处
《浙江国土资源》
2023年第S1期9-15,共7页
Zhejiang Land & Resources
关键词
矿山酸性废水
复合型表面钝化材料
源头控制
Mine acid wastewater
Composite surface passivation material
Source control
