摘要
碲的化合物因具备良好的光电热性能,被列为发展高端制造业的关键金属之一。然而,碲在地壳中含量低、矿物颗粒小、分布不均匀、独立成矿难,使得其准确赋存状态和超常富集机制尚不清晰。双户湾是三江成矿带中南段新近发现的富碲中型金矿床,因其独特的成矿条件,该矿床已成为探讨三江成矿带碲富集作用的天然实验室。矿体产于中-晚志留世火山岩内,受控于近NS向断裂。成矿作用可分为石英-黄铁矿阶段(Ⅰ)、石英-绢云母-多金属硫化物/碲化物阶段(Ⅱ)和方解石-石英-少硫化物阶段(Ⅲ),其中金和碲主要发育于阶段Ⅱ。显微观察及扫描电镜显示碲矿物主要为微纳米级的碲金矿、碲铋矿、碲镍矿、碲汞矿、自然碲,其中碲金矿为金的重要载体。结合赋矿火山岩、低温矿物组合(玉髓质石英、绢云母、方解石和碲矿物)、近矿围岩蚀变(硅化、绢云母化和碳酸盐化)及高Co/Ni比值和低S/Fe原子比值分析,本文认为双户湾矿是与钙碱性火山岩有关的浅成低温热液型碲金矿,其物质来源可能有幔源物质贡献,金属沉淀可能受控于碲逸度和硫逸度的变化,同时推断其深部可能存在斑岩型Cu(Mo)矿化潜力。
Due to the good electric and thermal properties,the tellurium has been listed as the key metal in the development of high-end manufacturing industry.However,because of the low content of tellurium in the earth’s crust,uneven distribution of the tellurium in the sulfide,and small particle and ore-forming difficulty of independent minerals,the exact occurrences and enrichment mechanism of tellurium remain unclear.Shuanghuwan gold deposit is a newly discovered medium-sized deposit in the middle and southern part of the Sanjiang Metallogenic Belt,which has become a natural laboratory for studies on the tellurium enrichment.The orebodies occur in the Middle-Late Silurian volcanic rocks,and are controlled by nearly NS-trending faults.Mineralization process can be divided into quartz-pyrite stage(Ⅰ),quartz-sericite-polymetallic sulfide/telluride stage(Ⅱ),and calcite-quartz-sulfide stage(Ⅲ).Gold and tellurium are mainly discovered in the stage Ⅱ.Microscopic observation and scanning electron microscope show that tellurium minerals are mainly micro/nono-scale calaverite,tellurobismuthite,melonite,coloradoite and native tellurium,among which calaverite is an important carrier of gold.Combined with the host volcanic rocks,low-temperature mineral assemblages(chalcedony quartz,sericite,calcite and telluride),wall-rock alteration(silicification,sericitization and carbonation)and high Co/Ni ratios and low S/Fe atomic ratios,Shuanghuwan deposit is inferred to be a calc-alkaline volvanic rocks-related epithermal tellurium-gold deposit.Furthermore,its sources of ore-forming materials may be contributed by mantle-derived materials,and metal precipitation may be controlled by changes in tellurium and sulfur fugacity.Additionally,it is inferred that there may be porphyry type Cu(Mo)mineralization potential in the deep part.
作者
刘小春
薛传东
李连鑫
黄茂坤
罗泽雄
林淞
康志宏
王永彬
LIU XiaoChun;XUE ChuanDong;LI LianXin;HUANG MaoKun;LUO ZeXiong;LIN Song;KANG ZhiHong;WANG YongBin(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Earth System Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Simao Landscape Copper Industry Co.,Ltd.,Puer 665000,China;Yunnan Institute of Geological and Mineral Exploration,Kunming 650051,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization,Kunming 650051,China)
出处
《岩石学报》
北大核心
2025年第2期544-564,共21页
Acta Petrologica Sinica
基金
云南省基础研究项目(202201AS070004、202401AT070490)
国家自然科学基金项目(42162009)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2021QZKK0301、2019QZKK0801、2019QZKK0704)联合资助.
关键词
碲化物
浅成低温热液型金矿
双户湾
三江成矿带
Telluride
Epithermal gold deposit
Shuanghuwan
Sanjiang Metallogenic Belt
