摘要
为提高秸秆纤维地膜力学性能、减少打浆时间,该研究提供了一种生物预处理协同膨化爆破制备秸秆纤维地膜原料的方法。为探究该项技术的工艺参数优化组合,应用三因素五水平二次正交旋转中心组合试验方法,选取预处理时间、主轴转速、模头间隙为试验因素,以抗张指数、打浆时间、纤维长宽比作为性能指标,得到了工艺参数优化组合,结果表明:工艺参数组合为预处理天数10 d、主轴转速120 r/min、模头间隙3 mm,所得纤维地膜抗张指数为9.57 N m/g、打浆时间为81.4 min,纤维长宽比为10.97,与理论优化值相对误差不大于5%。在此条件下制备的水稻秸秆纤维基地膜,可满足水、旱田覆盖作物栽培技术要求,研究结果可为水稻秸秆制备全降解植物纤维地膜的制作提供依据和技术支持。
Mulching as a traditional field management technique,boasts the benefits of improving soil ecology and maintaining soil temperature and moisture.The biodegradable plant fiber mulch produced from crop straw boasts abundant raw material sources and has similar temperature and moisture retention effects to plastic mulch,which would have no phenomenon of soil hardening,and compromised crop cultivation and sowing quality.The quality of straw fiber obtained through physical methods cannot meet the demand of mulch film.To improve the mechanical properties of straw fiber mulch film and reduce pulping time,this study introduces a method of preparing straw fiber mulch raw materials through biological pretreatment combined with extrusion-explosion.To explore the optimal combination of process parameters for this technology,three-factor and fivelevel quadratic orthogonal central composite rotatable design experimental approach was employed,with pretreatment time,spindle speed,and Clearance of mould head selected as the experimental factors,and tensile index,pulping time,and fiber aspect ratio as performance indicators.The results showed that pretreatment time and spindle speed,spindle speed and clearance of mould head had very significant effects on the tensile index(P<0.01).Pretreatment time and clearance of mould head have significant effect on tensile index(P<0.05).Pretreatment time and spindle speed,pretreatment time and clearance of mould head have significant effect on pulping time(P<0.05).Spindle speed and pretreatment time had very significant effect(P<0.01)on pulping time,the spindle speed and clearance of mould head has no significant effect on fiber aspect ratio(P>0.05).Pretreatment time and spindle speed have very significant effect on fiber aspect ratio(P<0.01).Pretreatment time and clearance of mould head have significant effect on fiber aspect ratio(P<0.05).The optimal combination of process parameters was determined to be 10 days of pretreatment,a spindle speed of 120 r/min,and a Clearance of mould head of 3 mm.The resulting fiber mulch exhibited a tensile index of 9.57 N·m/g,a pulping time of 81.4 minutes,and a fiber aspect ratio of 10.97,with a relative error not exceeding 5%compared to the theoretical optimal values.The rice straw fiber-based mulch prepared under these conditions meets the technical requirements for crop cultivation in both irrigated and dry fields.This study provides a basis and technical support for the production of fully biodegradable plant fiber mulch film from rice straw.
作者
李龙海
高创
范思远
徐心航
姜涛
刘爽
李睿
陈海涛
LI Longhai;GAO Chuang;FAN Siyuan;XU Xinhang;JIANG Tao;LIU Shuang;LI Rui;CHEN Haitao(Department of College of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Province Technology Innovation Center of Mechanization and Materialization of Major Crops Production,Harbin 150030,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第22期183-190,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31701311)
黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2021C030)。
关键词
生物预处理
水稻秸秆
纤维地膜
力学性能
打浆能量
biological pretreatment
rice straw
fiber mulch
mechanical properties
pulping energy
