摘要
通过慈善事业优化收入分配,进而实现共同富裕的目标是当代中国的重要议题之一。作为社会进步的基石,高等教育不仅为个体人力资本的积累提供了机会,也在培养公民的社会责任感方面扮演着关键角色。基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2018年数据,采用高校扩招提供的准实验设计,识别高等教育获得对个体慈善捐赠行为的影响效应,并分析其中的作用机制和异质性特征。研究发现:(1)高等教育获得对个体的慈善捐赠行为具有显著的正向影响,通过一系列稳健性检验以及引入工具变量缓解内生性问题后,该结论仍旧成立;(2)高等教育获得对慈善捐赠行为的影响机制从收入水平、数字能力和社会信任3个维度得到证明,个体的收入水平为捐赠提供了经济基础,数字能力拓展了捐赠渠道,社会信任增强了捐赠意愿,这些机制综合作用于高学历群体,使其在慈善领域呈现更大的活跃度和贡献度;(3)高等教育获得对慈善捐赠行为的促进效应在分性别与早期户口的子样本中均较为显著,该效应在女性群体与男性群体之间不存在显著差异,但在拥有农村出身与成长经历的群体中更为突出。基于上述发现,建议协同推进高等教育规模扩张与优质高等教育资源扩容,针对弱势群体优化教育资源配置格局和资助政策体系,并在人才培养中强化道德教育和慈善教育,以充分发挥高等教育对共同富裕建设的赋能作用。
The topic of optimizing income distribution through charitable endeavors to achieve the goal of common prosperity is one of the significant contemporary issues in China.As the cornerstone of social progress,higher education not only provides opportunities for the accumulation of individual human capital,but also plays a key role in cultivating citizens’sense of social responsibility.Utilizing data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)and employing a quasi-experimental design provided by the college enrollment expansion,the study identified the impact of higher education attainment on individuals’charitable donation behaviors,and analyzed the mechanisms and heterogeneous characteristics involved.The findings indicate that higher education attainment significantly increases the likelihood of individuals participating in charitable donations.This conclusion remains robust after a series of robustness tests and the introduction of instrumental variables to mitigate endogeneity problems.Secondly,the impact mechanisms of higher education attainment on charitable donation behaviors are demonstrated across three dimensions:income level,digital capabilities,and social trust.An individual’s income level provides the economic foundation for donations,digital capabilities expand the channels of donation in the digital age,and social trust enhances their willingness to donate.These mechanisms collectively lead to a higher degree of activity and contribution in the charity sector among highly educated groups.Thirdly,the promotion effect of higher education attainment on charitable donation behaviors is significant across sub-samples of different genders and early household registrations,with no significant difference between the male and female groups but more pronounced among those with rural backgrounds and upbringing.Based on these findings,it is necessary to promote the expansion of higher education scale and the capacity of quality higher education resources in coordination,optimize the educational resource allocation pattern and funding policy system for disadvantaged groups,and strengthen the role of moral education and charitable education in talent training,to fully leverage the empowering role of higher education in the construction of common prosperity.
作者
万洋
李锋亮
WAN Yang;LI Fengliang(Institute of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《重庆高教研究》
北大核心
2025年第1期58-69,共12页
Chongqing Higher Education Research
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“数字化背景下的教育质量评价研究”(22JJD880002)。
关键词
高等教育获得
慈善捐赠行为
共同富裕
高校扩招
higher education attainment
charitable donation behaviors
common prosperity
college enrollment expansion
