摘要
延安旱塬果区为苹果产业高质量先行区,但当前苹果重茬建园问题成为制约延安苹果产业转型发展的限制因素。为此,从2012年开始采用原树坑栽植、原树坑隔离栽植、原树中心行间栽植、树坑换土、开沟清根增肥,以及苗木处理消毒、药剂蘸根、微生物肥灌根等措施,探讨抑制重茬病发生的技术措施。结果表明,抑制重茬病发生的关键是深翻改土,改善新根生长环境。原树中心行间栽植或原树坑隔离栽植,明显改善新根土壤微生物群体结构,提高土壤有效养分回归,促进植株旺盛生长。作者围绕制约苹果产业发展的共性问题,阐述苹果重茬的发生原因,结合成功案例,提出苹果园重茬建园实用新技术,旨在为延安苹果产业更新换代和果农致富提供技术参考。
Yan’an highland fruit area was a high-quality leading area for apple industry.At present,the problem of apple orchard recropping has become a limiting factor for the transformation and development of Yan’an apple industry.Since 2012,measures such as planting in the original tree pit,isolated planting in the original tree pit,planting in the central row of the original tree,soil replacement in the tree pit ditching for root clearing,storing and fertilizing,treatment and disinfection of seedlings dipping in the root with medicine and filling the root with microbial fertilizer have been adopted.To explore and study the technical measures to inhibit the continuous cropping disease.The results showed that the key to inhibiting the occurrence of continuous cropping disease was to plow deeply then improve the soil and the growth environment for new roots.Planting between the central rows of the original tree or isolating the original tree pit can obviously improve the microbial community structure of the new root soil,improve the soil effective nutrient return,and promote the vigorous growth of the plant.The author focused on the common problems restricting the development of apple industry,explained the causes of apple continuous cropping,combined with successful cases and put forward the new practical technology of apple orchard continuous cropping,aiming at providing technical reference for the upgrading of Yan’an apple industry and the enrichment of fruit farmers.
作者
乔虎子
冯红利
雷博
魏鸫湘
QIAO Hu-zi;FENG Hong-li;LEI Bo;WEI Dong-xiang(Yan’an Fruit Industry Research and Development Center,Luochuan Shaanxi 727400,China)
出处
《北方果树》
2025年第1期48-50,共3页
Northern Fruits
关键词
延安
苹果园
重茬病障碍
土壤环境
重茬建园技术
Yan’an
apple orchard
continuous cropping disease barrier
soil environment
continuous orchard construction technology
