摘要
本文用确定性流域水文模型研究森林水文效应,得出镇紫区间森林径流正效应和森林洪峰负效应的结论,并预测了该区间水源涵养林建设工程的水文效益。
The hydrologic catchment model with certainty can be used to quantify the hydrologic utility of a large area of forests in a short time by using the extant historic records of the hydrometric network's observations.It is an encouroging new approach for further development of the utility of forest hydrology. The vertical scope of forests conducting is focused on the top level of the forest to the critical level of the forest's roots. It influences on the change of runoff, distribution of runoff in a year and the flood magnitude through diversing the evapotranspiration and the groups of water sources Within the researched region, he forest covering ratio decreased from 22% to 16%,annual evapotranspiration capacity increased by 20—26%, annual runoff reduced by 7.4%, sub-soil water added by 154% and its portion in runoff increased by 7.8%, the portion of ground water in runoff reduced by 7.8% and the maximium annual peak discharge increased by 14.8%. If the ratio of the forest recovers to 45%, the annual runoff will be enlarged by 17.5%,the maximium annual peak discharge will be receded by 22.6%. Therefore, the benefit and the safe-guard against damage are extremely manifested. It is widely accepted that there are numerous factors without the feature of a specific region in the enormous number of factors,which imposed influnces on the evapotranspiration and the characteristic of the yield and afflux, therefore, there is an individual utility of the forest hydrology for a specific forest region.
关键词
森林水文效应
流域水文模型
the utility of the forest hydrology
the hydrologic catchment model
runoff component
