摘要
在全面推进健康中国建设过程中,卫生人力资源发挥着重要作用。我国卫生劳动力市场处于低水平均衡,医生供给不足;但与此同时,我国在世界范围内的医学生流失率偏高,给国家、院校、家庭和个人造成很大损失。本文基于行为经济学相关理论设计干预,针对临床医学本科生开展大规模随机对照实验,探究以榜样为核心的信息干预对医学生弃医意愿的影响。双重差分估计结果表明,信息干预显著降低了医学生的弃医意愿;但信息干预只在短期有效,在干预实施1年后效果不再显著;信息干预效果在第二次干预实施时减弱。进一步分析结果表明,信息干预对不同个体的效果存在异质性,且对动机较低的个体的影响更大,动机激励可能是以榜样为核心的信息降低医学生弃医意愿的主要机制。本文为研究信息干预通过动机影响个体行为的机制提供了新证据,对减少我国医学生流失有重要的政策意义。
In the comprehensive effort to build a healthy China,healthcare workers play a critical role.However,the Chinese health labor market faces a significant challenge due to a shortage of physicians.A contributing factor is the high dropout rate of medical students in China,exceeding 20%,which imposes substantial costs on the country,universities,families,and individuals.To address this issue,we designed an intervention based on behavioral economics principles,using role model-based intrinsic motivation information.Large-scale randomized controlled trials were conducted to assess its impact on medical studentsintention to leave the healthcare field(dropout intention).The difference-in-differences(DID)analysis showed that the intervention significantly reduced dropout intentions by 2.5 percentage points(a 14%reduction compared to the control groups mean).However,this effect was primarily short-term and became insignificant one year after the intervention.Additionally,the impact of a second-round intervention was smaller than that of the first.Further analysis revealed that the intervention was most effective for individuals with lower initial motivation,suggesting that inspiring intrinsic motivation was a key mechanism through which the information nudge operated.These findings provide new evidence that information interventions can influence behavior by enhancing motivation.This has important policy implications for reducing medical student dropout rates in China,though additional strategies may be needed to sustain long-term effects.
作者
吴红斌
李春青
WU Hongbin;LI Chunqing
出处
《北京大学教育评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期144-169,191,共27页
Peking University Education Review
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72174013)。
