摘要
为研究烟台市城区挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染特征,基于2020、2022年烟台市城区VOCs监测数据,分析了VOCs化学组成、浓度特征、臭氧生成潜势(OFP)及污染物来源。结果显示,2020—2022年,烟台市城区VOCs体积浓度呈下降趋势(-12.4%),归功于含氧挥发性有机物(OVOCs)浓度大幅降低(-33.1%),臭氧前体物(PAMS)浓度保持稳定;物种浓度结果表明,烷烃和醛类分列PAMS和OVOCs体积浓度首位,体积浓度最高的3种组分为甲醛、乙烷和丙烷,质量浓度最高的3种组分为正己烷、甲醛和丙烷;时间分布特征表明,PAMS和OVOCs体积浓度波动较大,高浓度值易出现于7月和8月。烟台市OFP总值同样呈下降趋势,较2020年降低了14.0%,其中各类型VOCs的OFP值表现为醛类>烯烃>烷烃>芳香烃>酮类>炔烃,贡献值前三位合计占比为88.2%。根据OFP计算值,甲醛、乙醛一直为烟台市城区环境空气O_(3)生成贡献前两位,烟台市臭氧防控应重点关注甲醛、乙醛、2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯、乙烯、丙烯5种组分。来源解析结果显示,烟台市VOCs来源为老化气团传输,其中甲醛、乙醛主要来自于受机动车尾气和人为源,而芳香烃主要来源于机动车尾气和燃煤/生物质共同作用,其中机动车影响更为显著。研究结果为制定VOCs排放和O_(3)污染防控措施提供了科学依据,建议烟台市综合VOCs浓度特征、物种特征、时间分布特征和化学反应活性分析等因素,对人为源排放(尤其是机动车)和燃煤/生物质进行精准管控,提升烟台市环境空气质量。
In order to study the characteristics of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in Yantai city,VOCs chemical composition,concentration characteristics,ozone generation potential(OFP) and pollutant sources were analyzed based on VOCs monitoring data in Yantai in 2020 and 2022.Results indicated that the volume concentration of VOCs decreased by 12.4% from 2020 to 2022,which was attributed to the significantdecline in the concentration of oxygen-containing volatile organic compounds(OVOCs)(decreased by-33.1%) with a stable concentration of ozone precursors(PAMS).Species concentration analysis showed that alkanes and aldehydes ranked first in the volume concentration of PAMS and OVOCs.The three components with the highest volume concentration were formaldehyde,ethane and propane,respectively,and the three components with the highest mass concentration were n-hexane,formaldehyde and propane,respectively.Time distribution characteristics displayed that the volume concentration of PAMS and OVOCs fluctuated greatly,and high concentrations were prone to appear in July and August.Total OFP value of Yantai city also showed a downward trend,decreasing by 14.0% compared with 2020,among which the OFP value of various types of VOCs was as follows:aldehydes>alkenes>alkanes>aromatics>ketones>alkynes,and the top three contribution values accounted for 88.2%.According to the calculated value of OFP,formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were always the top two contributors to the generation of O_(3) in the ambient air in Yantai city,and the ozone prevention and control in Yantai city should focus on the following five components:formaldehyde,acetaldehyde,2-methyl-1,3-butadiene,ethylene and propylene.Source analysis results showed that the VOCs in Yantai city came from aging air mass transport,in which formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were mainly from motor vehicle exhaust and man-made sources.Aromatic hydrocarbons were mainly derived from vehicle exhaust and coal/biomass interaction,in which motor vehicles had a more significant impact.In conclusion,this study provides a scientific basis for the formulation of VOCs emission and O_(3) pollution prevention and control measures..It is suggested that Yantai city should conduct accurate control of anthropogenic emissions(especially motor vehicles) and coal/biomass by combining VOCs concentration characteristics,species characteristics,time distribution characteristics and chemical reactivity analysis,so as to improve the ambient air quality of Yantai city.
作者
王少伟
李明
潘芋燕
李少飞
徐洪伟
张彦
臧德进
WANG Shaowei;LI Ming;PAN Yuyan;LI Shaofei;XU Hongwei;ZHANG Yan;ZANG Dejin(Shandong Provincal Yantai Ecological Enviroment Monitoring Center,Yantai,Shandong 264000,China;Department of Urban Construction,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Pennsylvania State University,State College 16802,USA;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,University of Ji′nan,Ji′nan,Shandong 250022,China;Institute of Materia Medica,Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Ji′nan,Shandong 250117,China)
出处
《中国无机分析化学》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第10期1378-1385,共8页
Chinese Journal of Inorganic Analytical Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(21801153)。
关键词
臭氧
挥发性有机物
臭氧生成潜势
来源解析
O_(3)
volatile organic compound
ozone generation potential
source apportionment
