摘要
弓箭是古代战争中远程武器的杰出代表。在清代边疆民族地区,制造弓、箭的技艺与边疆民族文化相融合,被“因地制宜”与“敬天重土”自然社会双重法则打上深深的烙印。根据自然环境、制作方式与用途差异,可将清代边疆民族弓箭传统制作技艺分为东北部游耕区、新疆与内蒙古游牧区、西南山区以对其内涵加以剖析。为维护与巩固统一多民族国家,清代边疆民族与清朝政府产生了复杂互动,边疆民族为中央军队提供制弓箭原材料,并通过进京采买与清朝政府配给方式得到武器装备驻守边疆。此外,在民族迁徙、政策干预与文化互动影响下,边疆各民族弓箭制作呈现工序精细化、样式多元化趋势。
Bows and arrows are typical representatives of long-range weapons in ancient warfare.In the frontier ethnic areas of the Qing Dynasty,the technique of manufacturing bows and arrows was integrated with the culture of frontier ethnic groups,which was deeply imprinted with the dual laws of“adapting to local conditions”and“respecting heaven and earth”of natural society.Based on the differences in natural environment,production methods,and uses,the regions of the traditional bow and arrow making techniques of ethnic minorities in the Qing Dynasty were divided into three categories for analyzing their connotations,which were the Northeast nomadic region,Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia nomadic region and the Southwest mountainous region.In order to maintain and consolidate a unified multi-ethnic country,there was a complex interaction between the frontier ethnic groups and the Qing government.The frontier ethnic groups provided the central army with raw materials for making bows and arrows,and obtained weapons and equipment to garrison the frontier areas through procurement in Beijing and distribution by the imperial court.In addition,under the influence of ethnic migration,policy intervention and cultural interaction,the production of bows and arrows by various ethnic groups in the frontier areas gradually tended to refined in processes and diversified in styles.
作者
任思博
REN Sibo(The Chinese Agricultural Heritage Research Center,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)
出处
《内蒙古师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2024年第4期392-399,共8页
Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
江苏省研究生科研创新计划资助项目“明清时期黑茶技术变迁与商贸”(KYCX23_0833)。
关键词
清代边疆民族
弓箭制作技艺
源流
内涵
互动
frontier minorities in the Qing Dynasty
production techniques of bows and arrows
origins
connotation
interaction
