摘要
转座子,作为基因组中最丰富的元件,普遍存在于各类有机生命体中,并且占据了近一半的人类基因组DNA。转座子是基因组不稳定的潜在源泉,其激活能够导致动物不育和疾病发生,还可能加速衰老进程,因此转座子的异常激活通常被认为是对有机体不利的。然而,越来越多的证据也表明,宿主已经在某种程度上成功驯化了这类基因组中的“寄生虫”,并利用它们来维持自身的发育和功能。宿主和转座子之间的相互作用代表着一种根本的遗传冲突,而这种遗传冲突在诸如配子发生和肿瘤发生等许多的生命进程中发挥着重要的作用。为了进一步加深对转座子领域的认识,该文将从进化、疾病、免疫、调控机制等方面简述转座子的研究现状。
As the most abundant elements in the genome,transposons have thrived in almost all organisms throughout evolution and comprise nearly 50%of the human genome.Transposons represent a potential source of genomic instability that can cause animal sterility and disease,and even potentially drive aging,thereby being largely considered detrimental.Nevertheless,increasing evidences also suggest that hosts have domesticated these genomic parasites to maintain their own development and functions.Therefore,the interaction between hosts and transposons represents a fundamental genetic conflict that shapes numerous biological processes,such as gameto-genesis and carcinogenesis.This review will further characterize the new discoveries of the field in transposon biol-ogy,including evolution,disease,immunity and regulation mechanisms.
作者
罗依妮
王露
LUO Yini;WANG Lu(Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China)
出处
《中国细胞生物学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第7期1323-1334,共12页
Chinese Journal of Cell Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(批准号:32270600)
上海市浦江人才计划(批准号:21PJ1414000)
上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金面上项目(批准号:22ZR1468800)资助的课题。
