摘要
喀斯特是我国乃至世界层面的重要全球性地貌类型,其特殊的地上地下二元结构,极易造成生活污水由“点源”污染发展到“线源、面源”污染。为此,笔者基于我国南方喀斯特环境特点,明确了当前喀斯特农村生活污水量大、为数不多的生活污水处理设施“非坏或停”、喀斯特地区排污直接影响下游水体、生活污水直排农田及水体、基层组织思想不到位,更无专门污水监督管理人员等问题,并提出了相应的解决措施,如大力发展生物净化、加大已有设备的监管力度、严格喀斯特地区落水洞监管、控制地表污水排放加强监管、强化环保思想,确立专门污水监督管理人员等措施。通过多举措的协调发展,力争在生活污水处理的同时提升经济效益和环境效益。同时也建议设置农村生活污水管理监督岗位,并将农村生活污水管理监督人员纳入农村公益性岗位的行列,此举会对完善农村环境治理体系有一定的实际意义。
Karst is an important global geomorphic type in China and even in the world,and its special groundunderground dual structure is very easy to cause domestic sewage to develop from"point source"pollution to"line source and non-point source"pollution.In this regard,based on the environmental characteristics of south China karst,the author clarifies problems that there is a large amount of domestic sewage in karst rural areas at present,few domestic sewage treatment facilities are"non-bad or stopped",sewage discharge in karst areas directly affects downstream water bodies,domestic sewage is discharged directly into farmland and water bodies,the ideas of grass-roots organizations are not in place,even there are no special sewage supervision and management personnel,etc.,and puts forward corresponding solutions,such as vigorously developing biological purification,increasing the supervision of existing equipment,strictly supervising ponors in karst areas,controling surface sewage discharge to strengthen supervision,strengthening the idea of environmental protection,and establishing special sewage supervision and management personnel.Through the coordinated development of multiple measures,we strive to get a certain economic and environmental benefits while treating domestic sewage.At the same time,it is also recommended to set up rural sewage management and supervision positions,and include rural domestic sewage management and supervision personnel into the ranks of rural public welfare positions,which will have certain practical significance to improve the rural environmental governance system.
作者
李倩
LI Qian(Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou Industry Polytechnic College,Guiyang,Guizhou Province,551400 China)
出处
《大众科学》
2024年第4期66-69,共4页
China Public Science
基金
贵州省教育厅青年人才成长项目(黔教合KY字〔2022〕157号)。
