摘要
在人口负增长与技术进步加快的趋势下,着力提升农村青年人力资本从而促进其高质量充分就业,对人口高质量发展、城乡区域协调发展和共同富裕均具有重要意义。将农村义务教育学生营养改善计划作为人力资本的外生冲击并基于双重差分模型的研究表明:第一,健康和教育人力资本较高的农村青年相比其他同龄人具有更充分更高质量的就业;第二,人力资本扩张的高质量充分就业效应在欠发达地区、家庭经济困难与女性农村青年中更为明显;第三,人力资本扩张可通过提升农村青年的就业结构和职业层次进而促进其高质量充分就业,能够帮助其适应数字化和工业智能化的技术进步趋势。因此,应深化户籍制度改革,优化教育资源配置,提高农村地区医疗服务可及性,通过倾斜性财政政策弥合城乡人力资本差距,从而促进农村青年高质量充分就业。
In the context of declining population growth and accelerated technological advancement,focusing on enhancing the human capital of rural youth to promote their high-quality and full employment holds significant implications for high quality population development,urban and rural regional coordination and development,and shared prosperity.Taking the Rural Compulsory Education Student Nutrition Improvement Program as an exogenous shock of human capital,this paper conducts a study based on a difference-in-difference model.The findings show that,firstly,the rural youth with higher levels of human capital by health and educational exhibit more sufficient and higher-quality employment compared to their peers.Secondly,the high-quality and full employment effects of human capital expansion are more pronounced in underdeveloped areas,economically disadvantaged households,and among female rural youth.Thirdly,human capital expansion can promote high-quality and full employment among rural youth by improving their employment structure and occupational levels,thus aiding their adaptation to the trends of digitization and industrial intelligence.Therefore,it is suggested to deepen household registration system reforms,optimize the allocation of educational resources,enhance the accessibility of medical services in rural areas,and bridge the urban-rural human capital gap through targeted fiscal policies,so as to promote the high quality and full employment among rural youth.
作者
李建奇
丁述磊
LI Jian-qi;DING Shu-lei(Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200030;Capital University of Economics and Trade,Beijing 100070,China)
出处
《当代财经》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期17-29,共13页
Contemporary Finance and Economics
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目“习近平总书记关于人的全面发展与共同富裕重要论述研究”(2023JZDZ035)
首都经济贸易大学北京市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(XRZ2023070)。
关键词
人力资本
技术进步
农村青年
高质量充分就业
营养改善计划
human capital
technological progress
rural youth
high-quality and full employment
nutrition improvement program
