摘要
哺乳动物受精是高度分化的雌雄配子结合,形成一个合子的过程。精卵细胞融合过程中,精子将携带的遗传物质和功能性分子释放到卵子内,引起一系列生物学事件,激活停留在减数分裂前期的卵子。精子释放的分子诱导卵子内质网中的钙离子(Ca^(2+))以一定的频率释放到胞质中形成钙振荡,作用于下游分子,打破细胞周期抑制网络,引发皮质颗粒释放,成为卵子激活的首要标志。文章综述了精子内诱发卵子激活的磷脂酶C zeta(PLCζ)和类似分子的鉴定、分子结构和作用机制方面的研究进展,并讨论了相关精子缺陷引起的人和动物的生殖障碍,以及人工卵子激活方法研究进展,以期为增进人类生殖健康和提高动物体外胚胎生产效率提供参考。
Mammalian fertilization is the process by which highly differentiated male and female gametes combine to form a syncytium that initiates the development of a new living individual.During the process of sperm-egg cell fusion,the sperm-delivered genetic material and functional molecules would trigger a series of biological events that would activate the egg arrested in the meiotic prophase through inducing an acute increase in cytosolic free Ca^(2+)concentrations to give rise to calcium oscillations.The release of cortical granules is the first sign of egg activation.This paper reviews the identification,structure and action mechanisms of sperm PLCζand its similar molecules and discusses the reproductive disorders in humans and mammals caused by related sperm defects,as well as the corresponding artificial egg activation methods,with a view to providing references to enhance human reproductive health and improve the efficiency of animal reproduction.
作者
张乐颖
陈柏达
张鲁
ZHANG Leying;CHEN Baida;ZHANG Lu(Institute of Experimental Animal Resources,National Institutes for Food and Drug Control,Beijing 102629 China;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《黑龙江动物繁殖》
2024年第1期20-27,共8页
Heilongjiang journal of animal reproduction
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32372880)
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1300603)。
