摘要
保护法益是受贿犯罪研究中的核心论题之一。廉洁性说的通说地位瓦解后,客观进路的公正性说、不可收买性说、不可谋私利性说成为有力观点,但也面临外延不周等问题。主观进路的信赖法益说,主要因其内涵模糊而受到质疑,但上述质疑可以得到解释与回应。在认识论上,通过明确受贿犯罪信赖法益的国家法益属性、感情法益属性、部分可恢复性法益属性,对其内涵进行必要填充,更能揭示受贿犯罪危害国家政治合法性的本质特征。在方法论上,对于“利用职务上的便利”,应重点审查危害行为与信赖法益之间是否具有职权关联;对于“非法收受他人财物”“为他人谋取利益”,则应分别审查危害行为是否对廉洁性和公正性的信赖法益造成侵害,从而使保护法益与构成要件保持协调一致。在实践论上,针对受贿案件办理中的部分疑难问题,信赖法益说的审查方式,可以兼顾形式判断与实质判断,实现惩罚犯罪与保障人权的有机统一。
Protection of legal interest is a core issue in the research on bribery crime.After the integrity theory on the protection of legal interests of bribery crime lost its dominance in the academic circle,theories of fairness,incorruptibility,and unselfishness,all of which take the objective perspective,have gained powerful positions,but are faced with multiple problems,such as inadequate extension.The theory of trust legal interest,which takes a subjective perspective,has been questioned due to its abstractness.However,such abstractness can be explained.Epistemologically,the essential characteristic of the bribery crime,which infringes on the political legitimacy of the state,can be better revealed by clarifying the national,emotional,and recoverable properties of trust legal interest to make necessary supplements to their connotations.Methodologically,the investigation into"taking advantage of his office'should focus on whether there is a functionary connection between the harmful act and the trust legal interest,while"illegally accepting others'money or other forms of property"and""as a price of providing benefits"should be investigated to determine whether it damages citizens'trust in the integrity and impartiality of the government so that the protection of legal interests can be harmonized with constituent elements.Regarding the practical application of the theory of trust legal interest to address complex issues in handling bribery crimes,both formal and substantive judgments can be considered through a thorough investigation to realize the organic unity of the punishment of crimes and the protection of human rights.
出处
《法学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期148-165,共18页
Chinese Journal of Law
基金
最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“数字检察视域下贿赂犯罪治理研究”(GJ2023C16)的阶段性成果。
关键词
受贿犯罪
保护法益
信赖法益
bribery crime
legal interest
trust legal interest
