摘要
为探究湿地莲藕的蒸散发规律及其与气象因子之间的关系,利用大型综合蒸渗测坑和试验小区进行观测试验,对莲藕在不同生育期的每日蒸散发量进行了测定,并与每日净辐射量(R_(n))、日均温度(T)、2 m高风速(U_(2))、饱和水汽压差(VPD)、日均湿度(RH)和降雨量等气象因子进行了相关性分析。综合测坑试验和小区试验的结果来看,莲藕的蒸散发量在全生育期呈现“倒U形”变化曲线,其中开花期的日均蒸散发量最高(15.25~18.91 mm),成苗期(2.18~2.51 mm)的日均蒸散发量最低。莲藕蒸散发量与R_(n)、T、U_(2)、VPD呈显著正相关,与RH和降雨量呈显著负相关。主成分分析结果显示,气象因子中提取的两个主成分(Principle components,PCs)可以解释气象因子74.07%的变异。多元线性回归分析则进一步表明,各气象因子可以分别解释小区莲藕和测坑莲藕蒸散发量76.8%和74.6%的变异。总括而言,莲藕的蒸散发规律与其生育期紧密相关;气象因素中,VPD与莲藕蒸散发量相关性最强,即使在高VPD条件下仍可促进莲藕的蒸散发;R_(n)和T与莲藕的蒸散发量在成苗期或开花期的相关性相对较小;RH对莲藕蒸散发的影响主要体现在株间蒸发过程;U_(2)和降雨量对莲藕蒸散发的影响则相对较小;通过各气象因子可以有效地预测莲藕的蒸散发量。对于科学指导莲藕种植、提高莲藕的水分利用效率具有重要意义。
This study aims to investigate the evapotranspiration patterns of wetland lotus and their associations with meteorological factors.We utilized a large-scale integrated evaporimeter-lysimeter system and experimental plots to measure the daily evapotranspiration of lotus at different growth stages,and analyzed its relationships with daily net radiation(R_(n)),mean temperature(T),wind speed at 2 m height(U_(2)),saturation vapor pressure deficit(VPD),mean humidity(RH)and rainfall.The results from the evaporimeter-lysimeter and plot experiments showed that the evapotranspiration of lotus displayed an“inverted U-shaped”curve during the growth period,with the highest daily evapotranspiration(15.25~18.91 mm)in the flowering stage,and the lowest daily evapotranspiration(2.18~2.51 mm)in the seedling stage.Significant positive correlations were observed between the evapotranspiration of lotus and R_(n),T,U_(2),and VPD,while significant negative correlations were found with RH and rainfall.Principal component analysis demonstrated that two principal components(PCs)extracted from meteorological factors could explain 74.07% of the variation of meteorological factors.Multiple linear regression analysis further revealed that each meteorological factor could account for 76.8% and 74.6% of the variation in lotus evapotranspiration in plots and the evaporimeterlysimeter,respectively.In summary,the evapotranspiration pattern of lotus was closely related to its growth stage.Among meteorological factors,VPD exhibited the strongest correlation with lotus evapotranspiration,which could enhance lotus evapotranspiration even under high VPD conditions;R_(n) and T had relatively small correlation with lotus evapotranspiration in seedling or flowering stage;RH mainly affected the interplant evaporation process of lotus;U_(2) and rainfall had relatively small effects on lotus evapotranspiration;the evapotranspiration of lotus could be effectively predicted by various meteorological factors.This study has important implications for scientifically guiding lotus cultivation and improving water use efficiency of lotus.
作者
朱嘉俊
宗星宇
谢亨旺
邓海龙
刘方平
付桃秀
王子荣
ZHU Jia-jun;ZONG Xing-yu;XIE Heng-wang;DENG-Hai-long;LIU Fang-ping;FU Tao-xiu;WANG Zi-rong(Jiangxi Ganfu Plain Water Resources Management Bureau,Nanchang 330096,Jiangxi Province,China;Jiangxi Provincial Irrigation Experiment Central Station,Nanchang 330201,Jiangxi Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2024年第2期25-32,40,共9页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
江西省水利厅科技项目(201922ZDKT07,202124ZDKT21,202224ZDKT24,202022ZDKT07)
江西省“科技+水利”重大项目(S2022KJSLE0012)。
关键词
湿地莲藕
气象因子
主成分分析
蒸散发
影响程度
主导因子
日时间尺度
wetland lotus roots
meteorological factors
principal component analysis
transpiration
influence level
dominant factors
daily time scale
