摘要
为研究不同类型重污染天气的成因和特点,统计了2014~2019年长株潭三市的环境空气监测数据以及气象数据,发现这六年中共出现35次重污染过程,据其成因可分为冷空气导致型(74.3%)、节日鞭炮燃放型(17.1%)、高空干槽型(5.7%)和静稳型(2.9%)等四个类型。其中跟冷空气侵入相关的占主要部分(74.3%),本文针对典型冷空气侵入个例探讨这一类重污染天气形成的气象机理,分析冷空气的动力作用、热力作用和相对湿度的升高是重污染天气形成的气象诱因。研究发现不同冷空气路径下空气重污染的特征差异明显,且重污染形成存在四类典型路径即西路、北路、东路和复合路与冷空气入侵路径重合度较高。最后利用Meteoinfo计算2014~2019年12月和1月长沙站的后向轨迹并聚类,输入同期的PM_(2.5)监测数据,利用TrajStat模块进行CWT分析,证实外源入湘的确有西路、北路和东路,与诊断分析结果一致。
In order to study the causes and characteristics of different types of heavy pollution weather,this paper analyzed the ambient air monitoring data and meteorological data of the three cities of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Tanzhou from 2014 to 2019.It was found that there were 35 heavy pollution processes in the past six years.According to their causes,they can be divided into four types:cold air induced type(74.3%),festival firecrackers set off type(17.1%),high altitude dry trough type(5.7%)and static stable type(2.9%).Among them,the main part is related to cold air intrusion(74.3%).This paper discussesd the meteorological mechanism of the formation of this kind of heavily polluted weather based on typical cold air intrusion cases,and analyzed that the dynamic effect,thermal effect and relative humidity rise of cold air are the meteorological inducements of the formation of heavily polluted weather.The study found that the characteristics of heavy air pollution under different cold air paths were significantly different,and there were four typical paths for heavy pollution formation,namely,the West Road,the North Road,the East Road and the Compound Road,with a high degree of coincidence with the cold air invasion path.Finally,Meteofinfo was used to calculate and cluster the backward trajectory of Changsha Station from December 2014 to January 2019,input the PM_(2.5)monitoring data of the same period,and use the TrajStat module to carry out CWT analysis,which confirmed that there were indeed West,North and East roads entering Hunan,which was consistent with the diagnostic analysis results.
作者
李细生
陈媛
张克非
易飞
张华
邓新林
LI Xi-sheng;CHEN Yuan;ZHANG Ke-fei;YIF Fei;ZHANG Hua;DENG Xin-ling(Hunan Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Precention&Mitigation,Changsha 410118,China;Zhuzhou Meteorological Office of Hunan Province,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412003,China)
出处
《四川环境》
2023年第6期37-44,共8页
Sichuan Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.41271095)
湖南省气象局2020年重点课题(XQKJ20A001)。
关键词
长株潭
重污染
冷空气
后向轨迹
CWT
Chang Zhu Tan
heavy pollution
cold air
backward trajectory
CWT
