摘要
目的了解2010-2021年菏泽市病原学监测的重症手足口病(HFMD)患儿感染肠道病毒71型(EV71)情况,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法选择2010-01-01-2021-12-31年监测的429例重症HFMD患儿标本作为研究对象,提取病毒核酸,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)进行肠道病毒核酸检测,分析县(区)、时间和人群分布等流行病学特征。结果429例重症HFMD患儿EV71核酸检测阳性349例,阳性率为81.35%。EV71阳性率最高的3个年份依次是2012年(100.00%)、2018年(100.00%)和2011年(91.39%),阳性率最低的年份是2014年(66.67%),不同年份阳性率差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=34.675,P<0.001。EV71阳性率最高的是巨野县(100.00%),最低的是牡丹区(75.86%)和东明县(75.86%),各县(区)阳性率差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=15.846,P=0.027。EV71感染重症患儿高发期主要集中于3~5月份,占85.10%(297/349)。男女性别比例为2.17:1,年龄2个月~8岁,<5岁儿童345例,占98.85%,1~3岁幼儿占84.81%。散居儿童306例,占87.68%;托幼儿童40例,占11.46%;学生3例,占0.86%。农村患儿218例,占62.46%;城市患儿131例,占37.54%。结论EV71是2010-2021年菏泽市重症HFMD患儿的主要病原类型,应做好易感人群预防控制工作,早期识别重症并及时干预治疗。
Objective To understand enterovirus 71(EV71)infection status in children with severe hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Heze from January 1,2010to December 1,2021,and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods Totally 429specimens of severe HFMD children monitored from 2010to 2021 were selected as the research subjects.The viral nucleic acid was extracted,and enterovirus nucleic acid was tested by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The epidemiological characteristics of county(district),time and population distribution were analyzed.Results About 349of 429children with severe HFMD were positive for EV71nucleic acid,and the positive rate was 81.35%.The three years with the highest positive rate were 2012(100.00%),2018(100.00%),2011(91.39%).The year with the lowest positive rate was 2014(66.67%).The difference of positive rate in different years was statistically significant,χ^(2)=34.675,P<0.001.The highest positive rate was in Juye County(100.00%),the lowest was in Mudan District(75.86%)and Dongming County(75.86%).The difference of positive rate among counties was statistically significant,χ^(2)=15.846,P=0.027.Most of the severe cases of EV71were found in the period from March to May(85.10%).The sex ratio was 2.17:1.The age ranged from 2months to 8years.The proportion of children under 5years old was 98.85%,and the proportion of children between 1and 3years old was 84.81%.There were 306scattered children,accounting for 87.68%;40preschool children,accounting for 11.46%;Three students,accounting for 0.86%.218rural children,accounting for 62.46%;There were 131urban children,accounting for 37.54%.Conclusions EV71is the main pathogen of children with severe HFMD in Heze.Prevention and control work of susceptible people should be done to identify severe HFMD early and intervene in time.
作者
卞学丽
刘冬
孙付胜
BIAN Xueli;LIU Dong;SUN Fusheng(Department of Chronic Diseases,Heze Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Heze,Shandong274000,China)
出处
《社区医学杂志》
CAS
2023年第20期1043-1046,共4页
Journal Of Community Medicine
关键词
手足口病
肠道病毒71型
实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应
流行病学特征
hand,foot and mouth disease
enterovirus 71
real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction
epidemiological characteristics
