摘要
针对现有的超声波测风仪测量精度不高、受环境温湿度及阴影效应等因素影响较大等问题,提出了一种基于二次相关的互射式三阵元超声波测风方法.所提方法采用三阵元互射式阵列结构并结合二次相关的时延估计算法进行超声波传播时间测量,进而根据超声波传播时间与风速风向的关系得到风速风向值.所提方法具有较强的噪声抑制能力,而且可减小阴影效应及消除温湿度对风速风向测量的影响.通过模拟仿真实验以及搭建的互射式三阵元超声波测风系统对所提方法进行了有效性验证和实测数据验证.实验结果表明,与正交对射式测量方法、阵列式测风方法以及基于一次相关的互射式三阵元测风方法相比,所提方法具有更高的测风精度.在实测实验中风速测量的相对误差为2.38%、风向测量的误差为2.3°,基本达到了超声波测风的技术要求.
Considering that the existing ultrasonic wind measuring instrument has low measuring accuracy and is easily affected by environment temperature,humidity and shadow effect,this paper proposes an ultrasonic wind measurement method with three mutually transmitting array elements based on quadratic correlation method.In this method,a structure with three mutually transmitting ultrasonic sensors is adopted,the transmission time of ultrasonic wave is calculated by using quadratic correlation time-delay estimation algorithm,and then the wind speed and wind direction are obtained according to the relationship between the transmission time and wind speed and wind direction.The proposed method has strong noise suppression capability,and is free of the influence of temperature and humidity,so there is no need to correct ultrasonic velocity in real time.Moreover,the wind measuring structure with three mutually transmitting ultrasonic sensors can reduce the influence of shadow effect.At last,numerical simulation experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm,and the wind measurement system with three mutually transmitting ultrasonic sensors is built for measured data experiments.The experimental results show that the proposed method gets higher wind measuring accuracy than the wind measurement with orthogonal mutually transmitting ultrasonic sensors,the wind measurement with ultrasonic sensor array,and the wind measurement with three mutually transmitting array elements based on correlation.According to the actual test results,the relative error of wind speed is 2.38% and the error of wind direction is 2.3°,which basically meets the technical requirements of ultrasonic wind measurement.
作者
单泽彪
解晓冉
刘小松
韩明轩
SHAN Ze-biao;XIE Xiao-ran;LIU Xiao-song;HAN Ming-xuan(School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun,Jilin 130022,China;Changchun Meteorological Instrument Research Institute,Changchun,Jilin 130102,China;College of Communication Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130022,China)
出处
《电子学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期2428-2436,共9页
Acta Electronica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.61571462)。
关键词
风速风向测量
超声波测风
互射式三阵元
二次相关
阴影效应
wind speed and direction measurement
ultrasonic wind measurement
three mutually transmitting ultrasonic sensors
quadratic correlation
shadow effect
