摘要
目的探讨术后专科护理对肾移植患者术后并发症发生情况及远期预后的影响。方法选取2016年7月—2019年8月在郑州市第七人民医院接受肾移植手术的120例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组60例。对照组患者术后实施常规护理干预,研究组患者术后实施专科护理干预。采用14项汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA-14)、24项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-24)、护理满意度测评量表评估2组患者术后心理焦虑、抑郁及护理满意度,同时比较2组患者术后并发症发生情况、住院时间,以及随访3年移植肾存活情况。结果2组患者术后次日HAMA-14和HAMD-24评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患者出院前日HAMA-14和HAMD-24评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者护理期间并发症发生率为3.34%(2/60),低于对照组的21.66%(13/60),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.219,P=0.002)。研究组患者护理规范、护理技术、沟通语气、护理环境4项护理满意度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者随访1年、2年移植肾存活率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患者随访3年移植肾存活率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论专科护理用于肾移植患者,有助于改善患者术后心理状态,提高患者护理满意度和远期移植肾存活率,同时能有效预防并发症的发生,安全有效,值得在临床推广。
Objective This paper aims to investigate the effect of postoperative specific nursing on the incidence of postoperative complications and long-term prognosis in renal transplant recipients.Methods A total of 120 patients who received renal transplantation in the Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from July 2016 to August 2019 were selected as the participants.They were randomly assigned to the control group and the study group,with 60 cases in each group.Routine nursing intervention was performed after operation in the control group,and specific nursing intervention was performed after operation in the study group.The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA-14),Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD-24),and Nursing Satisfaction Scale were used to evaluate the postoperative psychological anxiety,depression,and nursing satisfaction of the two groups.The incidence of postoperative complications,length of hospital stay,and the survival of renal transplantation after 3 years of follow-up were also compared between the two groups.Results No significant difference was observed in HAMA-14 and HAMD-24 scores on the next day after operation between the two groups(P>0.05).The HAMA-14 and HAMD-24 scores on the day before discharge in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence rate of complications during nursing in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group[3.34%(2/60)vs.21.66%(13/60);χ^(2)=9.219,P=0.002].The nursing satisfaction scores of nursing specification,nursing technique,communication tone,and nursing environment in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The length of hospital stay in the study group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference in the survival rate of renal transplantation was observed between the two groups at 1 and 2 years of follow-up(P>0.05).The survival rate of renal transplantation in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 3 years of follow-up(P<0.05).Conclusion Postoperative specific nursing for renal transplant recipients is conducive to improving postoperative psychological status,nursing satisfaction,and long-term renal transplant survival rate,which can effectively prevent the occurrence of complications.With safety and efficacy profiles,it justifies a wider clinical application.
作者
李冰玉
李鹭
唐倩
Li Bingyu;Li Lu;Tang Qian(Kidney Transplantation and Nephrology Diagnosis and Treatment Center,The Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou,Zhengzhou 450000,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2023年第8期111-114,119,共5页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
基金
河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ200210753)。
关键词
病房护理
专科护理
肾移植
并发症发生风险
住院时间
远期预后
Ward nursing
Specific nursing
Kidney transplantation
Risk of complications
Length of hospital stay
Longterm prognosis
