摘要
立案审查制向立案登记制的转变提升了诉讼效率,便于当事人充分行使诉权,但加剧了虚假诉讼行为的产生。虚假诉讼案件作为刑民交叉案件的一种,受到《民事诉讼法》与《刑法》的规制。在具体适用中,虚假诉讼线索难以发现,故民事规制适用困难;在规制适用的情形下,惩戒力度较弱无法形成有效威慑,故有以刑事规制作为后盾之必要。然而在刑事规制与民事规制的转化中,刑事法律与民事法律关于保护对象、行为认定、适用程序的认知不一;两者关于证据标准之差异以及公安机关与法院程序衔接不畅等因素秩序其难以转化,以刑事手段进行规制案例极为有限。厘定虚假诉讼的刑民边界有利于规制适用;加大虚假诉讼的实施成本可以增强民事规制的威慑;畅通虚假诉讼的打击协作机制以充分发挥刑事规制的后盾功能。
The transition from the case examination system to the case registration system has improved litigation efficiency and facilitated the full exercise of litigation rights by the parties involved.However,it has also exacerbated the occurrence of false litigation.As a type of criminal-civil cross-case,false litigation cases are regulated by both the Civil Procedure Law and the Criminal Law.In specific application,it is difficult to discover clues of false litigation,making it challenging to apply civil regulations.In cases where regulations are applicable,weak punishments fail to effectively deter false litigation,necessitating the need for criminal regulation as a backup.However,during the transition from criminal to civil regulation,there are cognitive differences between criminal law and civil law regarding the protection of subjects,determination of actions,and application of procedures.Additionally,the differences in evidence standards and the lack of smooth coordination between public security organs and courts hinder the conversion,resulting in limited use of criminal means for regulating such cases.Therefore,it is beneficial to define the boundaries between criminal and civil aspects of false litigation for proper regulation.Increasing the implementation costs of false litigation can enhance the deterrence of civil regulation,and establishing smooth coordination mechanisms to combat false litigation can fully utilize the supporting function of criminal regulation.
作者
姚浩亮
YAO Hao-liang(Criminal Law School,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai,200042)
出处
《湖北工业职业技术学院学报》
2023年第4期39-46,共8页
Journal of Hubei Industrial Polytechnic
关键词
虚假诉讼
刑民交叉
程序规制
规则重构
false litigation
criminal-civil intersection
procedural regulation
rule restructuring
