摘要
Structural information of grassland changes on the Tibetan Plateau is essential for understanding alterations in critical ecosystem functioning and their underlying drivers that may reflect environmental changes.However,such information at the regional scale is still lacking due to methodological limitations.Beyond remote sensing indicators only recognizing vegetation productivity,we utilized multivariate data fusion and deep learning to characterize formation-based plant community structure in alpine grasslands at the regional scale of the Tibetan Plateau for the first time and compared it with the earlier version of Vegetation Map of China for historical changes.Over the past 40 years,we revealed that(1)the proportion of alpine meadows in alpine grasslands increased from 50%to 69%,well-reflecting the warming and wetting trend;(2)dominances of Kobresia pygmaea and Stipa purpurea formations in alpine meadows and steppes were strengthened to 76%and 92%,respectively;(3)the climate factor mainly drove the distribution of Stipa purpurea formation,but not the recent distribution of Kobresia pygmaea formation that was likely shaped by human activities.Therefore,the underlying mechanisms of grassland changes over the past 40 years were considered to be formation dependent.Overall,the first exploration for structural information of plant community changes in this study not only provides a new perspective to understand drivers of grassland changes and their spatial heterogeneity at the regional scale of the Tibetan Plateau,but also innovates large-scale vegetation study paradigm.
草地植被结构对于其生产和生态功能至关重要,但大尺度信息严重匮乏.本研究结合多源遥感数据和深度学习,在区域尺度上厘清了青藏高原高寒草地基于群系的植物群落结构空间格局,并比较了其历史变化.过去40年,高寒草甸在高寒草地中的比例从50%上升到69%,反映了变暖变湿的环境变化.此外,高寒草甸和高寒草原中高山嵩草草甸和紫花针茅草原的优势度分别增强到76%和92%.其中,气候因子驱动了紫花针茅草原近些年的分布;高山嵩草草甸近些年的分布则并非完全由气候驱动,人类活动可能起重要作用.本研究首次探索了区域尺度植被结构特征与历史变化,为认识青藏高原草地变化的驱动力及其空间异质性提供了新视角.
作者
Yanfen Wang
Kai Xue
Ronghai Hu
Boyang Ding
Hong Zeng
Ruijin Li
Bin Xu
Zhe Pang
Xiaoning Song
Congjia Li
Jianqing Du
Xiuchun Yang
Zelin Zhang
Yanbin Hao
Xiaoyong Cui
Ke Guo
Qingzhu Gao
Yangjian Zhang
Juntao Zhu
Jian Sun
Yaoming Li
Lili Jiang
Huakun Zhou
Caiyun Luo
Zhenhua Zhang
Qingbo Gao
Shilong Chen
Baoming Ji
Xingliang Xu
Huai Chen
Qi Li
Liang Zhao
Shixiao Xu
Yali Liu
Linyong Hu
Jianshuang Wu
Qien Yang
Shikui Dong
Jinsheng He
Xinquan Zhao
Shiping Wang
Shilong Piao
Guirui Yu
Bojie Fu
王艳芬;薛凯;胡容海;丁柏阳;曾弘;李瑞津;徐斌;庞哲;宋小宁;李聪佳;杜剑卿;杨秀春;张泽林;郝彦宾;崔骁勇;郭柯;高清竹;张扬建;朱军涛;孙建;李耀明;姜丽丽;周华坤;罗彩云;张振华;高庆波;陈世龙;纪宝明;徐兴良;陈槐;李奇;赵亮;徐世晓;刘雅莉;胡林勇;武建双;杨其恩;董世魁;贺金生;赵新全;汪诗平;朴世龙;于贵瑞;傅伯杰(College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China;State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Environment and Resources,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001,China;Binzhou Institute of Technology,Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park,Binzhou 256606,China;College of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China;Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Life Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Grassland Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment&Climate Change,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Zoige Peatland and Global Change Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hongyuan 624400,China;Department of Geography,Geography and Geology Faculty,Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi,Iaşi 700505-RO,Romania;Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001,China;Institute of Ecology,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China;Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)
基金
supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(2019QZKK0304-02)
Joint Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)-Max Planck Society(MPG)Research Project(HZXM20225001MI)
the Strategic Priority Research Program A of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20050104)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42041005)
CAS Light of West China Program
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
