摘要
中国特有植物瘤果紫玉盘(Uvaria kweichowensis),分布范围狭窄,数量稀少。为系统了解广西瘤果紫玉盘的资源数量、分布现状及资源利用等情况,2016-2022年作者团队通过实地走访、问卷调研等形式,对全区9个县开展了瘤果紫玉盘种质资源调查和种质收集工作,共收集到瘤果紫玉盘资源95份。调查结果显示:瘤果紫玉盘多年生藤本植物,成熟叶革质,主要分布在广西隆安县、天峨县等9个县共197株,生境为海拔650~1100 m之间的喀斯特石山区,依托乔木向上攀附生长,野生资源数量稀少,个体之间距离较远,基本上处于无保护状态,分布地群众有采集瘤果紫玉盘叶片治疗疾病或用于茶饮的习惯。通过种子播种、枝条扦插的形式开展了瘤果紫玉盘种质资源的繁育试验,结果表明不同来源的瘤果紫玉盘种子发芽率在25.7%~34.4%,扦插成活率在4.4%~14.4%,总体成活率较低。本研究探讨了瘤果紫玉盘受威胁的主要因素,提出了保护措施,为广西民族药瘤果紫玉盘种质资源的保护、挖掘和创新利用提供基本依据。
Uvaria kweichowensis is a native plant species in China,and the wild populations are relatively small with narrowed geographic distribution.In order to systematically understand its quantity,distribution status and utilization in Guangxi province,we carried out the investigation and collection of Uvaria kweichowensis germplasm resources in nine counties through field visits and questionnaire surveys,and a total of 95 Uvaria kweichowensis samples were collected from 2016 to 2022.The survey results show that Uvaria kweichowensis is a perennial vine with mature leaf leathery,being mainly distributed in the karst rocky mountain area with the attitude of 650 to 1100 meters in nine counties such as Longan County and Tiane County in Guangxi.The number of germplasm resources in wild populations were scarce,and individuals often grew individually without protection.The local people have the traditional habit to collect the leaves of Uvaria kweichowensis for diseases treatment and tea drinking.In addition,we deployed the seed sowing or branch cottage,in order to collect and select the elite germplasm resources.The results showed that low survival rate of Uvaria kweichowensis,the germination rate of seeds from different sources was 25.7%-34.4%,and the survival rate of cuttings was 4.4%-14.4%.Collectively,this study discussed the main factors harmful to this species and the solution for protection of Uvaria kweichowensis,which might provide the reference for the protection,excavation and innovative utilization of the germplasm resources of Uvaria kweichowensis in Guangxi province,China.
作者
张尚文
杨天为
黄诗宇
李婷
高曼熔
田姗姗
何龙飞
张向军
ZHANG Shangwen;YANG Tianwei;HUANG Shiyu;LI Ting;GAO Manrong;TIAN Shanshan;HE Longfei;ZHANG Xiangjun(Biotechnology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1498-1506,共9页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-21)
广西重点研发计划(桂科AB21220042)
广西特色作物试验站(桂TS2022002)。
关键词
瘤果紫玉盘
种质资源
调研
收集保护
繁育研究
Uvaria kweichowensis
germplasm resources
investigation
collection and protection
breeding research
