摘要
水稻的产量和矿质营养品质都是培育高产优质水稻新品种的关键因素。评价和筛选高产优质水稻种质,可为水稻新品种选育提供优异亲本或中间材料。通过测定139份粳稻种质资源8个产量相关性状(株高、穗长、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、千粒重、单穗粒重、结实率和着粒密度)和6个籽粒矿质营养品质相关性状(锌含量、铁含量、钙含量、镁含量、铜含量和锰含量),利用相关性分析和主成分分析等多元统计学方法,综合评价粳稻种质产量和矿质营养品质。结果表明:株高、穗长、每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、单穗粒重相互之间均呈极显著正相关,矿质元素含量彼此之间呈不同程度的正相关,籽粒锌和镁含量与单穗粒重分别呈显著和极显著负相关。产量性状和矿质营养品质性状的主成分分析均提取到3个主成分,累计贡献率分别为78.432%和71.697%,从中筛选到了4个产量关键性状和5个矿质营养品质关键性状。结合产量和矿质营养品质综合性评价结果,共筛选到Hungarian No.1和牡10-815两份高产且矿质元素含量较高的种质。聚类分析结果显示,139份种质可划分为4个类群。类群Ⅰ仅包含2份高矿质营养含量种质;类群Ⅱ包含有41份种质,其锌含量相对较高,但产量性状较差;类群Ⅲ和Ⅳ分别有69份和27份种质,其产量性状表现较好,但类群Ⅲ的矿质营养含量相对较低,而类群Ⅳ的锰含量和钙含量相对较高。本研究结果可为高产优质水稻新品种选育提供理论依据和优异种质。
The yield and seed mineral nutrient quality are essential factors in breeding of rice varieties.Identification of rice germplasm resources with high yield and high quality can provide elite parents or intermediate lines in breeding.This study measured eight yield-related traits(plant height,spike length,grain number per panicle,filled grain number per panicle,thousand kernels weight,grain weight per panicle,seed setting rate and grain density)and six mineral nutrient quality-related traits(zinc,iron,calcium,magnesium,copper and manganese content)in 139 japonica rice germplasm accessions,followed by the correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA).The plant height,spike length,grain number per panicle,filled grain number per panicle and grain weight per panicle were positively correlated(highly significant),and the content of mineral nutrient was positively correlated with each other in different degrees.The content of Zn and Mg was significantly and negatively correlated with grain weight per panicle.PCA using either eight or six indicators suggested three principal components(PCs),respectively,with the cumulative contribution rate of 78.432%and 71.697%,respectively.Four yield key indicators and five mineral nutrient quality key indicators were selected based on the loadings of these indicators in CI1-3.Two germplasm accessions with high yield and high content of mineral nutrient,namely,Hungarian No.1 and Mu 10-815,were identified by combining the results of comprehensive evaluation of yield and mineral nutritional quality.The cluster analysis suggested four groups within this collection,including Group-I that contained only two germplasms with very high mineral nutrient content,Group-II that contained 41 germplasms with relatively high Zn content but poor yield traits.Group-III and IV with 69 and 27 germplasms respectively,exhibited superior yield traits.Group-III,however,had relatively low mineral nutrient content,whereas Group-IV had relatively high amounts of Mn and Ca content.Collectively,this study can provide theoretical basis and excellent germplasm for the selection and breeding of new high yield and high quality rice varieties.
作者
杜怀东
刘晓刚
刘阳
王纪元
宋佳伟
孙志勇
马伟
陈思怡
杨小丽
田蕾
李培富
DU Huaidong;LIU Xiaogang;LIU Yang;WANG Jiyuan;SONG Jiawei;SUN Zhiyong;MA Wei;CHEN Siyi;YANG Xiaoli;TIAN Lei;LI Peifu(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University/Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Characteristic Crops in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021;Ningxia Runfeng Seed Industry Co.,Ltd,Yinchuan 750001)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1277-1290,共14页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
宁夏农业育种专项(2018NYYZ0302)
宁夏自然科学基金优秀青年项目(2022AAC05011)。
关键词
粳稻
种质
产量
矿质营养
综合性评价
japonica rice
germplasm
yield
mineral nutrition
comprehensive evaluation
