摘要
[目的]探讨吉兰泰盐湖防护体系对大气降尘的控制效应,为吉兰泰盐湖防护体系大气降尘物质的来源及其运移方式提供理论依据。[方法]利用降尘缸法采集了不同防护功能区(流沙固阻带、封沙育草带、防风阻沙带和盐湖防护林带)1年内2 m降尘样品,并利用称重法和激光粒度仪对其大气降尘量、机械组成及其影响因素进行分析。[结果](1)吉兰泰盐湖防护体系大气降尘主要由极细砂和细砂物质组成。流动沙垄、流沙固阻带、封沙育草带、防风阻沙带和盐湖防护林带极细粒和细砂物质的总含量分别为88.44%,96.68%,75.53%,77.00%和68.14%。(2)流沙固阻带、封沙育草带、防风阻沙带和盐湖防护林带的降尘量较流动沙垄分别减小22.40%,53.10%,48.05%和24.85%,不同防护功能区滞尘效应大小依次为:防风阻沙带>盐湖防护林带>封沙育草带>流沙固阻带>流动沙垄。(3)3—5月为大气沉降高峰期;12月至次年2月为大气沉降较弱期;而6—11月为大气沉降最弱期。降尘量主要集中于春冬两季,占年降尘量的77.52%~87.04%。(4)平均风速、扬沙日数、大风日数、沙尘暴日数和降雨量是影响降尘量的主要气象因子,平均风速、扬沙日数、大风日数、沙尘暴日数为盐湖防护体系降尘提供了动力条件,降雨量抑制了降尘量增加。[结论]盐湖防护体系各防护功能区降尘物质绝大部分来源于局域物质和区域物质,气象因子和植被特征的综合效应共同决定大气降尘量。
[Objective]The aim of this study is to explore the atmospheric dustfall control effect of the Jilantai salt lake protection system in order to provide a theoretical basis for source and transport mode of atmospheric dust substances in the Jilantai salt lake protection system.[Methods]In this study,2 m atmospheric dustfall samples were collected from different protection zones(fixing shifting-sand zone,fencing dune for grass recovery zone,preventing wind and stopping sand zone and salt lake protection forest zone)for 1 year using the dustfall cylinder method,and atmospheric dustfall,mechanical composition and its influencing factors were analyzed by using weighing method and laser particle size meter.[Results](1)The atmospheric dustfall of Jilantai salt lake protection system was mainly composed of very fine sand and fine sand.Total contents of very fine sand and fine sand in fixing shifting-sand zone,fencing dune for grass recovery zone,preventing wind and stopping sand zone and salt lake protection forest zone were 88.44%,96.68%,75.53%,77.00%and 68.14%,respectively.(2)Compared with shifting sandy land,atmospheric dustfall in the fixing shifting-sand zone,fencing dune for grass recovery zone,preventing wind and stopping sand zone and salt lake protection forest zone reduced by 22.40%,53.10%,48.05%and 24.85%,respectively.The magnitude of dust retention effect in order was:preventing wind and stopping sand zone>salt lake protection forest zone>fencing dune for grass recovery zone>fixing shifting-sand zone>shifting sandy land.(3)The peak period of atmospheric deposition was from March to May;the weaker period of atmospheric deposition was from December to next February;and the weakest period of atmospheric deposition was from June to November.The atmospheric dustfall mainly concentrated in spring and winter,accounting for 77.52%~87.04%of the annual dustfall.(4)Average wind speed,blowing dust days,strong wind days,sandstorm days and rainfall were main meteorological factors affecting the amount of dust-falling amount.Average wind speed,blowing dust days,strong wind days and sandstorm days provided driving conditions for dustfall in salt lake protection system,and the amount of rainfall suppressed the amount of dustfall.[Conclusion]Most of atmospheric dust substances in different protective function areas of Jilantai salt lake system came from local and regional substances,and atmospheric dustfall was jointly determined by comprehensive effects of meteorological factors and vegetation characteristics.
作者
魏亚娟
解云虎
党晓宏
郭靖
刘美萍
吴昊
WEI Yajuan;Xie yunHu;DANG Xiaohong;GUO Jing;Liu Meiping;Wu Hao(Department of Resource and Environment,Baotou Normal College,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014030,China;College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Baotou Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Rare Earth Steel Plate Co.,Ltd.,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014010,China;Meteorological Science Institute of Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 010051,China)
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期201-208,共8页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
包头师范学院高层次人才引进科研启动资助项目(BTTCRCQD2020-011)
包头师范学院自然科学类一般项目(BSYKJ2021-ZY02)
包头师范学院自然科学类重点项目(BSYKJ2022-ZZ01)
内蒙古自治区重点研发和科技成果转化计划项目(2022YFDZ0027)
国家自然科学基金项目(4196700)
包头师范学院高层次引进人才科研启动基金(01108022/008)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41901009)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021BS04004)。
关键词
降尘
气象因子
盐湖防护体系
小气候
固沙植物
吉兰泰
atmospheric dustfall
meteorological factors
salt lake protection system
microclimate effect
sand-fixing plants
Jilantai
