摘要
2022年长江流域出现罕见的“汛期反枯”现象,径流量显著偏少,长江口咸潮入侵发生时间早、持续时间长、入侵程度严重。开展水工程群联合调度是压咸补淡、保障供水安全的重要举措。针对长江口咸潮入侵特点,基于长江流域水文预报调度体系,通过搭建长河系、远距离、多类水工程综合影响的一维水力学模型进行多工况场景模拟,并结合原型资料分析,从调度时机和调度目标两个角度提出了适应长江流域现状水工程群的压咸补淡调度策略。通过开展水工程群压咸补淡调度,明显抬升了中下游沿程水位,减轻了长江口咸潮影响,基本缓解了供水紧张的局面,取得了显著的社会效益和生态效益。提出的策略可为今后长江口地区的压咸补淡调度提供技术参考。
In 2022,the Changjiang River Basin experienced a rare dry and drought climate in flood season,and the runoff was significantly less than normal.The salt tide intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary occurred early,lasted for a long time,and its intrusion degree was serious.The joint operation of water projects group is an important measure to recharge fresh water for repelling saltwater intrusion and ensure the safety of water supply.According to the characteristics of saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary,based on the hydrological forecast and operation system of the Changjiang River Basin,a one-dimensional hydraulic model considering the comprehensive influence of long river system,long distance and multi-type water projects was built to simulate the multi-condition scenarios.Combined with the analysis of prototype data,an operation strategy to recharge fresh water for repelling saltwater intrusion adapted to the current water projects group in the Changjiang River Basin was proposed from the perspectives of operation opportunity and objectives.Through this operation,the water level along the middle and lower reaches significantly raised,the impact of salt tide in the Changjiang River Estuary had been reduced,the situation of water supply shortage had been basically alleviated,and remarkable social and ecological benefits had been achieved.The research result can provide a reference for recharging fresh water for repelling saltwater intrusion in Chiangjiang River Estuary in the future.
作者
许银山
曾明
裘诚
胡挺
XU Yinshan;ZENG Ming;QIU Cheng;HU Ting(Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;Shanghai Marine Monitoring and Forecasting Center,Shanghai 200062,China;China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443133,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2023年第8期40-45,共6页
Yangtze River
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目“复杂利用需求下梯级水库群多目标优化调度方法研究”(5200901224)
三峡水库2023-2025年中小洪水与水资源利用实时调度技术服务项目(SXSN26/0725)。
关键词
咸潮入侵
压咸补淡
联合调度
水工程群
三峡水库
长江口
salt tide intrusion
recharge fresh water for repelling saltwater intrusion
joint operation
water projects group
Three Gorges Reservoir
Changjiang River Estuary
