摘要
调查了马边磷矿区土壤和玉米中八种重金属元素(Cd、Zn、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、As、Hg)的污染特征,采用地累积指数法、潜在生态风险计算和生物富集系数等方法论述了磷矿区周边土壤和玉米重金属迁移富集特征。结果表明,研究区玉米根际土中Cd的污染程度最高(为1.26~6.52),56%的土壤样品达到了重度污染的水平,潜在生态风险最高(Er平均值为775.55),为该区域的特征污染元素。玉米不同部位重金属富集能力不一致,总体表现为:叶>茎>籽粒,表明重金属在由根际土向地上部迁移过程中,玉米富集程度越来越低。在土壤-玉米中As是富集能力最弱的元素,Zn、Cd容易向地上部迁移,Zn更容易被玉米各部位吸收。该区后续治理可根据重金属在玉米各部位的富集及迁移规律,在重金属污染区域开展区别化种植与还田,并着重加强土壤Cd的污染治理。
The pollution characteristics of eight heavy metals(Cd,Zn,Cr,Cu,Ni,As,Pb,Hg)in soil and corn in Mabian phosphate mining area of Sichuan Province were investigated.The migration and enrichment characteristics of heavy metals in soil-maize system around phosphate mining area were discussed by means of geo-accumulation index method,potential ecological risk calculation and biological enrichment coefficient method.The results showed that Cd was the most polluted element in maize rhizosphere soil in the study area,with ranging from 1.26 to 6.52,and 56%of soil samples reached the level of severe pollu-tion,and the potential ecological risk was the highest,with an average Er of 775.55,which was the characteristic pollution ele-ment in this area.The enrichment ability of heavy metals in different parts of maize was inconsistent,and the overall performance was as follows:leaves>stems>grains,indicating that the enrichment degree of heavy metals in maize became lower and lower during the migration process from rhizosphere soil to up ground.In soil-maize,As is the element with the weakest enrichment ability.Zn and Cd migrate easily to up ground,and Zn is more easily absorbed by various parts of maize.According to the enrichmentand migration rules of heavy metals in various parts of maize,the subsequent treatment in this area can carry out differential planting and returning to the field in heavy metal polluted areas,and focus on strengthening soil Cd pollution control.
作者
刘映君
徐争启
田建民
张苏恒
付婷婷
LIU Ying-jun;XU Zheng-qi;TIAN Jian-min;ZHANG Su-heng;FU Ting-ting(Key Laboratory of Earth Exploration&Information Technology,Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610059,China;College of Geoscience,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Key Laboratory of Geoscience&Nuclear Technology of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610059,China)
出处
《四川环境》
2023年第4期244-251,共8页
Sichuan Environment
基金
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心委托业务(DD20160019-31)
四川省自然科学项目(18ZB0080)。
关键词
马边地区
磷矿区
土壤
玉米
重金属
富集
Mabian region
phosphate mine area
soil
maize
heavy metal
enrichment
