摘要
【目的】添加生物炭在改善土壤结构、提高土壤肥力,促进微生物活性和功能等方面发挥作用,并在消减作物连作障碍中起正向调控作用,但最大程度消减连作土壤障碍的最适生物炭添加量还不清楚。因此,本试验探究添加不同比例生物炭对黄瓜生长及营养吸收的作用,以期明确适宜生物炭添加量,为消减黄瓜连作障碍及设施农业健康发展提供新思路。【方法】以黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)为试验材料,通过盆栽试验,添加质量分数分别为0.5%、1%、2%、3%的生物炭,并以不添加生物炭处理为对照,研究添加不同量生物炭对黄瓜生长及营养吸收的影响。【结果】随着生物炭施加量的增加黄瓜幼苗干鲜重呈先增加后降低的趋势,其中添加1%生物炭处理的黄瓜幼苗干鲜重最高。同时,随着生物炭施加量的增加黄瓜幼苗植株氮、磷、钾质量浓度和含量也呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,添加1%生物炭处理的黄瓜幼苗植株氮、磷、钾质量浓度最高,均显著高于对照处理(P<0.05)。随着生物炭施加量的增加,黄瓜连作土壤pH以及土壤有机碳含量呈现上升趋势,与对照相比,添加2%生物炭显著提高了土壤速效钾的含量(P<0.05),添加2%、3%生物炭处理显著提高了土壤有效磷的含量(P<0.05),添加1%生物炭处理显著提高了土壤碱解氮的含量(P<0.05)。【结论】添加适宜量的生物炭在促进黄瓜生长方面发挥了重要作用,在连作土壤中添加质量分数为1%的生物炭,对黄瓜生长的促进作用最大,而添加生物炭含量过高时会抑制黄瓜的生长。
【Objective】Effects of adding biochar in soil on the growth and nutrient-uptake of continuous monocropped cucumber plants were studied.【Methods】A pot experiment was performed on cucumber seedlings grown in soil without(CK)or with various concentrations of biochar at 0.5%,1%,2%,and 3%.Growth and nutrients absorption by the plants were monitored to determine the effects and optimal application of the soil conditioner.【Results】The fresh and dry weights as well as the nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium contents of the cucumber seedlings increased significantly as the amount of added biochar increased but declined at higher levels of the addition.With 1%added biochar in soil,the biomass and the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in the plants peaked.The pH and organic carbons in soil underwent an upward trend with increasing biochar.Compared to CK,adding 2%biochar to the potting soil significantly improved the contents of available potassium,2%and 3%significantly elevated that of available phosphorus,and 1%significantly rose that of alkali hydrolysis nitrogen.【Conclusion】As commonly known,presence of biochar can improve the structure,fertility,and microbial activity in soil.In this study,it was found that an addition of the soil conditioner at 1%level achieved not only the desirable effects on the soil but also on the growth of continuous monocropped cucumber plants.
作者
黄馨怡
陆建增
周丽颜
吴凤芝
高丹美
HUANG Xinyi;LU Jianzeng;ZHOU Liyan;WU Fengzhi;GAO Danmei(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang150030,China)
出处
《福建农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期707-713,共7页
Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(32102464)
黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2020C013)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2022MD713726)
黑龙江省博士后基金面上项目(LBH-Z22004)。
关键词
生物炭
黄瓜
生长
土壤养分
植株营养
Biochar
cucumber
plant growth
soil nutrients
plant nutrient uptake
