摘要
It has always been a dream to construct tissues and even organs for transplantation to replace those with defects caused by diseases or injuries.Tissue engineering is another milestone in the developmental history of life science after cellular and molecular bioscience.Nevertheless,despite decades of rapid de-velopment,tissue-engineered biomaterials have not been widely used clinically.Biomaterials constructed by physical and chemical methods have lots of difficulty in precisely mimicking the macroscopic and mi-croscopic structures of human tissues.The ultimate way to build organoid tissue for regeneration is to enable the cells to take the initiative and build suitable functions.Based on the thoughts of tissue engi-neering,organoid technology holds great potential as a research tool for a wide range of fields,including developmental biology,disease pathology,cell biology,precision medicine,and drug toxicity and efficacy testing.This technology also holds tremendous potential for regenerative medicine,as organoids present the possibility for autologous and allogeneic cell therapy through the replacement of damaged or dis-eased tissues with organoid-propagated tissue or stem cell populations.In this review work,we briefly outlook the development history of organoid technology,summarize the current bottlenecks and the un-derlying reasons,and propose the unified term“function-oriented design in tissue engineering”,a new topic that may provide a solution to overcome these bottlenecks.
基金
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U22A20162,31900583,32071351,81772400,82102604,and 81960395)
the Natural Science Foundation of Guangzhou City(No.201807010031)
the Foundation of Shenzhen Committee for Science and Technology Innovation(Nos.JCYJ20190809142211354,and GJHZ20180929160004704)
the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SZSM201911002)
the Beijing Municipal Health Commission(Nos.BMHC-2021-6,BMHC-2019-9,BMHC-2018-4,and PXM2020_026275_000002)
the AOCMF Translational approaches for bone constructs(No.AOCMF-21-04S)
the Sun Yatsen University Clinical Research 5010 Program(No.2019009)
the Academic Affairs Office of Sun Yat-sen University(Nos.202211583,and 202211589).
