摘要
煤炭是我国重要的主体能源,煤炭应急保障可以对能源突发事件做出有效的应急响应,保障国家能源安全。受新冠疫情和能源危机的影响,全球能源形势趋紧,加之我国煤炭生产重心逐步向“三西”地区转移,导致煤炭生产和消费的空间距离增大、安全生产风险挑战日益加剧,再加之碳中和战略对能源结构的调整等因素,现有煤炭应急保障体系已难以满足新形势下的应急情景。通过文献研究法梳理出我国煤炭应急保障的基本状况,计算了重点地区煤炭供需缺口,介绍了煤炭储备基地布局;总结分析出当前煤炭应急保障体系存在法律保障机制不完善、煤炭应急管理体系不健全、煤炭储备能力建设不足和煤炭应急运输运力有待提高的问题。为尽快完善煤炭应急保障体系建设,提出加强政府能源应急管理能力、加快煤炭应急储备和保供体系建设、积极推广多式联运并加强铁路运输效率、促进煤炭与新能源的融合发展、加强国际能源合作等对策建议。
Coal is the major energy in China,and coal emergency support can effectively respond to energy emergencies,ensuring China's energy security.Affected by the COVID-19 and the energy crisis,the global energy situation is tightening,and China's coal production focus has gradually shifted to the"three-west region"(Shanxi,Shaanxi and Western Inner Mongolia),which has led to an increase in the space distance between coal production and consumption,and an increasing challenge to safety production risks.In addition to the adjustment of the energy structure by the carbon neutrality strategy and other factors,the existing coal emergency support system has been difficult to meet the emergency scenario under the new situation.Through literature research,the basic situation of coal emergency support in China is sorted out,and the gap between coal supply and demand in key regions is calculated,and the layout of coal reserve bases is introduced.Research and analysis have summarized the problems of current coal emergency support system,including incomplete legal protection mechanisms,incomplete coal emergency management systems,insufficient coal reserve capacity construction,and the urgent need to improve coal emergency transportation capacity.In order to improve the construction of the coal emergency support system as soon as possible,suggestions are put forward to strengthen the government's energy emergency management capacity,accelerate the construction of coal emergency reserves and supply guarantee systems,actively promote multimodal transportation and enhance railway transportation efficiency,promote the integrated development of coal and new energy,and strengthen international energy cooperation.
作者
杨春娟
赵星星
YANG Chunjuan;ZHAO Xingxing(School of Management,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China)
出处
《中国煤炭》
2023年第6期7-13,共7页
China Coal
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“共享经济背景下的煤炭产业组织变革研究”(19BGL183)
陕西省教育厅科研计划项目“我省能源安全面临的风险与挑战”(20JT050)。
关键词
煤炭应急保障
能源安全
应急管理体系
多式联运
煤炭储备能力
coal emergency support
energy security
emergency management system
multimodal transportation
coal reserve capacity
