摘要
黑火药是爆炸案件中最常见的炸药之一,其检验对于打击犯罪有重要意义。尽管黑火药的检验方法已相对成熟,但仍面临诸多挑战,如微量黑火药爆炸残留物的高灵敏度检验,以及黑火药的来源推断等。基于黑火药的成分组成、生产工艺,围绕爆炸前后的黑火药成分分析以及来源推断这两个检验目的,系统总结了黑火药中的分子(KNO_(3)、硫磺、木炭等)、离子(K^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)、S^(2-)等)以及元素(氮、氧、碳等)的检验方法,包括传统检验法、光谱法、色谱法、质谱法等,并对黑火药检验中存在的问题以及未来可能的研究方向进行了探讨,旨在为黑火药的研究和案件侦办提供参考(引用文献40篇)。
Black powder is one of the most common explosives in explosion cases,and its detection is of great importance in the fight against crime.Despite the relative maturity of black powder detection methods,there are still many challenges,such as high sensitivity detection of trace explosive residues of black powder,and source inference of black powder.Based on the components and production process of black powder,and focusing on the two detection purposes of the components analysis and source inference of black powder before and after explosion,the detection methods of molecules(KNO_(3),sulfur,charcoal,etc.),ions(K~+,NO_(3)~-,S^(2-),etc.)and elements(nitrogen,oxygen,carbon,etc.)in black powder were systematically summarized,including traditional detection methods,spectroscopy,chromatography and mass spectrometry,etc.,and the problems in black powder detection and possible future research directions were discussed,aiming to providing reference for the research and criminal investigation of black powder(40 ref.cited).
作者
黄阳
朱军
胡灿
梅宏成
于子洋
秦皓
HUANG Yang;ZHU Jun;HU Can;MEI Hongcheng;YU Ziyang;QIN Hao(People′s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《理化检验（化学分册）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第4期489-496,共8页
Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis(Part B:Chemical Analysis)
基金
公安部技术研究计划(2020JSYJB08)。
关键词
黑火药
成分分析
来源推断
检验
black powder
component analysis
source inference
detection
