摘要
本试验旨在研究不同比例残次香梨对芦苇秸秆青贮品质、微生物多样性及有氧稳定性的影响。试验按残次香梨与芦苇秸秆的质量比进行混合青贮,芦苇秸秆∶残次香梨比例分别为10∶0、9∶1、8∶2、7∶3、6∶4、5∶5、4∶6、3∶7、2∶8和1∶9。青贮60 d后开罐,测定青贮前后的营养成分,鉴定青贮饲料的感官品质、发酵品质及其微生物多样性,综合评定选出5个较优比例,测定其有氧暴露条件下的pH及乳酸菌、酵母菌和霉菌数量变化情况。结果表明:随着残次香梨比例的提高,青贮饲料中的乳酸(LA)、乙酸(AA)和可溶性糖(WSC)含量显著升高(P<0.05),而pH、氨态氮(NH3-N)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著降低(P<0.05);综合评分除未添加残次香梨的青贮饲料等级为良,其余各组均为优。在门水平上,各组的优势菌门为厚壁菌门,其次是变形菌门;在属水平上,各组的优势菌属为乳杆菌属与明串珠菌属,且在芦苇秸秆与残次香梨比例为6∶4时,乳杆菌属相对丰度达到最高,为62.77%。有氧暴露后,pH、酵母菌和霉菌数量逐渐升高,乳酸菌数量逐渐减少,芦苇秸秆与残次香梨的比例为7∶3和6∶4时的有氧稳定性较好。综上所述,当芦苇秸秆与残次香梨比例为6∶4时,青贮质量最好。
This experiment mainly explored the effects of different proportion of defective pear on quality,microbial diversity and aerobic stability of reed straw silage.The mixed silage was carried out according to the mass ratio of defective pear and reed straw.The ratios of reed straw to defective pear were 10∶0,9∶1,8∶2,7∶3,6∶4,5∶5,4∶6,3∶7,2∶8 and 1∶9.After 60 days of silage,opened the tank,measured the nutritional components before and after silage,identified the sensory quality,fermentation quality and microbial diversity of the silage,comprehensively evaluated and selectd the five groups of better proportions,and measured the pH and the number of lactic acid bacteria,yeast and mold under the aerobic exposure conditions.The results showed as follows:with the increase of the proportion of defective pear,the contents of lactic acid,acetic acid and soluble sugar in the silage gradually increased(P<0.05),while the pH,ammonia nitrogen,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents gradually decreased(P<0.05);the comprehensive score was excellent except that the silage without defective pear was good.At the phyla level,the dominant phyla of each group was Firmicutes,followed by Proteus;at the genus level,the dominant genera in each group were Lactobacillus and Leuconostoc,and when the ratio of reed straw to defective pear was 6∶4,the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reached the highest,62.77%.After aerobic exposure,the pH,the number of yeast and mold gradually increased,and the number of lactic acid bacteria gradually decreased.When the ratio of reed straw to defective pear was 7∶3 and 6∶4,the aerobic stability was good.In conclusion,when the ratio of reed straw to defective pear is 6∶4,and the quality of silage is the best.
作者
郁万瑞
陈亚飞
王芳芳
李明洋
孙瑜良
高崎峰
李祥浩
蒋慧
蒋涛
YU Wanrui;CHEN Yafei;WANG Fangfang;LI Mingyang;SUN Yuliang;GAO Qifeng;LI Xianghao;JIANG Hui;JIANG Tao(College of Animal Science,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,Alar 843300,China;Xinjiang Tianshan Jinyu Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Animal Husbandry Expert Workstation,Tarim University,Tumshuk 843900,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期3349-3360,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
新疆南疆地区奶牛饲料资源调查(1220013)
新疆兵团南疆重点产业创新发展支撑项目—南疆牧草高产栽培及饲用组合提质增效配套研究与示范(2021DB015)
新疆兵团重点领域科技攻关计划子课题—生态经济型植物产业链效益开发技术与模式(2021AB022-4)。
关键词
残次香梨
芦苇秸秆
发酵品质
微生物多样性
有氧稳定性
defective pear
reed straw
fermentation quality
microbial diversity
aerobic stability
