摘要
【目的】通过比较闽南本土常见的5种水生植物对富营养化水体的净化能力,筛选出适合闽南气候条件的净水型水生草本植物,为闽南水质净化植物的选用和搭配方式提供实践依据。【方法】通过室外环境模拟与实验室测定,分析单种植物和5种植物组合组[菖蒲(Acorus calamus)、狐尾藻(Myriophyllum verticillatum)、梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata)、美人蕉(Canna indica)和铜钱草(Hydrocotyle vulgaris)]的净化能力,并对其净化能力进行对比。【结果】选用的水生植物的总氮(total nitrogen,TN)去除率由高到低为组合组>梭鱼草>美人蕉>菖蒲>狐尾藻>铜钱草,其中5种植物组合搭配的TN去除率最高,其TN去除率高达99.7%。水生植物的总磷(total phosphorus,TP)去除率由高到低为美人蕉>组合组>狐尾藻>梭鱼草>铜钱草>菖蒲,其中5种水生植物搭配的TP去除率最高值可达89.1%。5种水生植物的化学需氧量(COD)去除率由高到低为:组合组>梭鱼草>美人蕉>菖蒲>铜钱草>狐尾藻。【结论】水生植物混合运用能够加快水体中氮磷污染物质的去除,且能够有效提高TN、TP和COD的去除率。选用的植物当中,美人蕉和梭鱼草对污水中TN、TP和COD的净化效果相对较好。建议以美人蕉和梭鱼草为主,多种植物组合,构建净水草本植物体系。
【Objective】This paper aimed to study the purification of five common aquatic plants of southern Fujian province on eutrophic water.【Methods】In this experiment,the ability of different plants to purify water was analyzed through outdoor environment simulation and laboratory measurement.The purification ability of a single plant and five plant combinations(Acorus calamus,Myriophyllum verticillatum,Pontederia cordata,Canna indica,Hydrocotyle vulgaris)was analyzed.【Result】It showed that the total nitrogen(TN)removal efficiency of the five types of aquatic plants from strong to weak was combination of plants>P.cordata>C.indica>A.calamus>M.verticillatum>H.vulgaris.Meanwhile,the 5 types of aquatic plants combined with the cultivation has the highest removal rate of TN,the TN removal rate was 99.7%;The total phosphorus(TP)removal rate of 5 plants from high to low was combination of plants>C.indica>M.verticillatum>P.cordata>H.vulgaris>A.calamus,and the highest TP removal rate of 5 types of aquatic plants combined with the cultivation was 89.1%.The removal rates of chemical oxygen demand(COD)of the five aquatic plants were as follows:combination of plants>P.cordata>C.indica>A.calamus>H.vulgaris>M.verticillatum.【Conclusion】The results show that the combined use of aquatic plants can increase the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in water,and can effectively increase the removal rates of TN,TP and COD.The selected plants,C.indica and P.cordata,have relatively good purification effects on TN,TP and COD.Therefore,it will be better to use C.indica and P.cordata combination with other plants to purified eutrophic water.It provides practical basis for the selection and collocation of plants.
作者
陈怡
张乔雨
郭春兰
卞阿娜
CHEN Yi;ZHANG Qiaoyu;GUO Chunlan;BIAN A na(School of Biological Science and Biotechnology,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,China)
出处
《湖南生态科学学报》
2023年第2期48-54,共7页
Journal of Hunan Ecological Science
基金
福建省科协创新战略研究项目(FJKX-A2111)
福建省教育厅中青年项目(科技类)“景观植物对水体净化研究”(JAT200296)。
关键词
闽南地区
水生植物
净化能力
总氮
总磷
southern Fujian province
aquatic plant
water purification
total nitrogen
total phosphorus
