体育锻炼对初中生校园欺凌的影响:心理资本和自我控制的链式中介效应被引量：14

Effect of physical exercise on school bullying among junior high school students:The chain mediating effect of psychological capital and self-control

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摘要目的:探讨体育锻炼对初中生校园欺凌的影响机制,分析心理资本和自我控制的中介效应,以期为体育锻炼预防初中生校园欺凌提供理论依据。方法:运用相关分析法、多元回归分析法和Bootstrap检验法,对江西省5所初中1065名学生的调查数据进行分析。结果:初中生体育锻炼、心理资本、自我控制和校园欺凌4个变量间的关系显著相关,多元回归分析结果显示,体育锻炼能显著正向预测初中生的心理资本(β=0.220,P<0.01);体育锻炼能显著正向预测初中生的自我控制水平(β=0.525,P<0.01);体育锻炼能显著负向预测初中生的校园欺凌水平(β=-0.318,P<0.01);心理资本和自我控制均能显著负向预测初中生的校园欺凌水平(β=-0.374,-0.519;P<0.01)。Bootstrap检验法结果显示,体育锻炼能显著负向预测初中生的校园欺凌,直接效应为-0.318,直接效应占比为43%。体育锻炼还能通过提升初中生的心理资本和自我控制水平间接降低校园欺凌发生的可能性,间接效应为-0.422,间接效应占比为57%。结论:体育锻炼可以通过提高初中生的心理资本和自我控制水平间接降低初中生的校园欺凌水平,在体育教学中,注重提高初中生的心理资本和自我控制水平,通过运动有效防控和减少初中生校园欺凌的发生率。 Objective:To explore the influence mechanism of physical exercise on campus bullying of junior high school students,analyze the mediating effect of psychological capital and self-control,in order to provide a theoretical basis for physical exercise to prevent campus bullying of junior high school students.Methods:Using correlation analysis,multiple regression analysis and Bootstrap test,the survey data of 1067 students from five junior high schools in Jiangxi Province were analyzed.Results:①The relationship among the four variables of physical exercise,psychological capital,self-control and school bullying of junior high school students was significantly correlated(P<0.001).The results of multiple regression analysis showed that physical exercise could significantly and positively predict the psychological capital of junior high school students(β=0.220,P<0.01);Physical exercise could significantly and positively predict the self-control level of junior high school students(β=0.525,P<0.01);Physical exercise could significantly negatively predict the level of school bullying among junior high school students(β=-0.318,P<0.01);Both psychological capital and self-control could significantly and negatively predict the level of school bullying among junior high school students(β=-0.374,-0.519,P<0.01).The results of Bootstrap test showed that physical exercise could significantly negatively predict school bullying among junior high school students,with a direct effect of-0.318,accounting for 43%of the direct effect.Physical exercise could also indirectly reduce the possibility of school bullying by improving the psychological capital and self-control level of junior high school students.The indirect effect was-0.422,and the indirect effect accounted for 57%.Conclusion:Physical exercise can indirectly reduce the bullying level of junior high school students by improving their psychological capital and self-control level.In physical education,we can focus on the psychological capital and self-control level of junior high school students,effectively prevent and reduce the incidence of school bullying among junior high school students through exercise.

作者董亚琦王晓璇原文惠高嘉彬李曌熙钟建伟黄勤山 DONG Yaqi;WANG Xiaoxuan;YUAN Wenhui;GAO Jiabin;LI Zhaoxi;ZHONG Jianwei;HUANG Qinshan(School of Physical Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 332020,China;People's Public Security University of China;Woosuk University;Tibet Autonomous Region Sports Science Institute;Yunnan Open University,Kunming;School of Science,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology)