摘要
湖泊是重要的淡水资源。在气候变化和人类活动的背景下,湖泊提供的淡水资源越来越有限,湖泊水量的计算对于了解全球和区域范围内的可利用淡水资源量具有重要意义。在洱海流域,日和月尺度上的出入流数据几乎没有,仅能从文献中查找到部分年尺度的入流数据,为洱海水量的精确计算带来了困难,因此,不得不借助水文或水动力模型来进行水量的精确反演。论文基于洱海实测水位、水位—库容曲线和水量平衡的方法,建立DYRESM计算洱海2000—2020年主要出入湖河道逐日流量,运用新安江模型反演洱海同时期逐日入湖流量,探究新安江模型在高原地区的适用性,根据2000—2020年实测出入湖流量年总值对2个模型模拟结果进行评价和对比分析。结果表明:①DYRESM模拟2000—2020年洱海多年平均入湖和出湖流量分别为6.88×10^(8)、6.08×10^(8)m^(3),逐年入湖和出湖模拟流量与实测值间相关系数r分别达到0.97和0.99。②基于DYRESM得出的洱海逐日入湖流量,构建新安江模型,将新安江模型模拟得到的2000—2020年洱海逐日入湖流量与DYRESM模拟结果进行了对比,拟合效果理想,洱海流域率定期和验证期间纳什效率系数(NSE)分别为0.68和0.55,r达到0.94。新安江模型参数在不同地区的参数对比结果中,差异性较大的主要为地表径流消退系数(Cs)和自由水容量(Sm),洱海流域内Sm值相较于平原地区数值偏大,Cs值具有明显地域性。③对比2000—2020年洱海入湖流量的模拟值与实测值,得到DYRESM模拟值与实测值间r=0.97,新安江模型模拟值与实测值间r=0.92,可见DYRESM在出入流重建模拟中的表现优于新安江模型。
Lakes are significant freshwater sources.Due to climate change and human activities,freshwater resources provided by lakes are getting increasingly more limited,which makes lake water volume calculation important to estimate the total available volume of freshwater at both the global and the regional scales.In the Lake Erhai Basin,there was no measurement of daily or monthly inflows and only the values of total annua inflow volume for some years can be found in the literature,which makes it difficult to accurately calculate the inflow volume from each inflow river and the total inflow volume at daily or monthly scales.In this study,the DYnamic REservoir Simulation Model(DYRESM)was used to calculate the daily inflows and outflows in2000-2020 at Lake Erhai based on the measured water levels,water level-storage capacity relationship curve and a water balancing approach.In order to test the suitability of a catchment model(the Xin’anjiang Model)in the plateau area,the model was set up to simulate the daily inflows for the same period.The DYRESM and the Xin’anjiang Model outputs were compared with the yearly measurements for 2000-2020.The results show that1)The multi-year average volumes of inflow and outflow of Lake Erhai in 2000-2020 was 6.88×10^(8)m^(3) and6.08×10^(8)m^(3) from DYRESM simulations.The correlation coefficient between the simulated yearly inflow values and the measured values was 0.97,and the correlation coefficient between the simulated yearly outflows and the measurements was 0.99.2)The Xin’anjiang Model was set up and calibrated with the DYRESM-generated daily inflows.Comparison between simulated daily inflows by the two models for 2000-2020 at Lake Erhai shows that the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE)is 0.68 in calibration for 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2020 and 0.55in validation for 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2020.The correlation coefficient for this time period was 0.94Comparison of the optimized parameters of the Xin’anjiang Model at Lake Erhai with those in other areas of China demonstrates that the surface runoff retreat coefficient(Cs)and free water capacity(Sm)were areasensitive.The values of Smat Lake Erhai was larger than those at plain areas.3)The correlation coefficien between the simulated yearly inflows by the DYRESM outputs with the yearly measurements for 2000-2020was 0.97 and the Xin’anjiang Model outputs with the yearly measurements for the same period was 0.92indicating that DYRESM had better model performance than the Xin’anjiang Model in simulating inflows and outflows of Lake Erhai.
作者
陈岚
罗纯良
李慧赟
罗潋葱
龚发露
张如枫
CHEN Lan;LUO Chunliang;LI Huiyun;LUO Liancong;GONG Falu;ZHANG Rufeng(School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500,China;Kunming Institute of Plateau Lake Dianchi,Kunming 650500,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,CAS,Nanjing 210008,China)
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期543-557,共15页
Progress in Geography
基金
云南省科技厅(202001BB050078)
云南大学人才引进科研启动项目(C176220100043)
国家自然科学基金项目(41671205)。
