摘要
为探讨不同施磷水平下接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)和解磷细菌(PSB)对紫花苜蓿光合特性及生物量的影响,提高紫花苜蓿的磷肥利用效率及优质高产研究、制定科学合理的施肥制度提供理论依据。采用随机区组设计进行盆栽试验,设置4个接菌处理[未接菌对照组(CK,J_(0))、单接巨大芽孢杆菌(Bm,J_(1))、单接摩西管柄囊霉(Fm,J_(2))和双接菌(Bm×Fm,J_(3))]和4个施磷(P_(2)O_(5))水平[0(P_(0))、50(P_(1))、100(P_(2))和150 mg·kg^(-1)(P_(3))],共计16个处理。通过对紫花苜蓿的叶片净光合速率(P_(n))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、气孔导度(G_(s))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))、光能利用效率(LUE)、水分利用效率(WUE)、叶绿素[Chl(a+b)]含量和生物量进行测定,并通过相关性分析明确紫花苜蓿各光合指标与生物量之间的关系,通过隶属函数分析筛选出有利于促进紫花苜蓿生物量形成的最佳菌磷耦合模式,明确施磷和接种解磷菌对紫花苜蓿光合特性及生物量的影响。结果表明:相同接菌处理下,紫花苜蓿叶片P_(n)、T_(r)、G_(s)、LUE、WUE、Chl(a+b)和生物量均随施磷水平的提高而呈先升高后降低的趋势,在P2处理达到最大值,且施磷处理均显著大于未施磷处理(P<0.05),而Ci则随施磷水平的提高呈逐渐降低的趋势,且施磷处理均显著低于未施磷处理(P<0.05);相同施磷处理下,紫花苜蓿叶片的Pn、Tr、Gs、LUE、WUE、Chl(a+b)和生物量均为接菌处理显著大于未接菌处理(P<0.05),且除Chl(a+b)外,Pn、Tr、Gs、LUE、WUE、Chl和生物量均为在J_(3)处理达到最大值,而Ci显著低于未接菌处理(P<0.05),在J_(3)处理达到最小值。相关性分析表明,Ci与P_(n)、T_(r)、G_(s)、LUE、WUE、Chl(a+b)和生物量均呈显著负相关(P<0.05),其余各指标间均两两呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。根据隶属函数值大小排序,排名前3位的分别为J_(3)P_(2)、J_(2)P_(2)和J_(3)P_(1)。双接种丛枝菌根真菌与解磷细菌,并施磷100 mg·kg^(-1)的菌磷耦合模式,能够显著提高紫花苜蓿叶片的光合特性并增加叶绿素含量,进而有利于促进紫花苜蓿生物量的形成。
This study explored the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and phosphorussolubilizing bacteria(PSB)on the photosynthetic characteristics and biomass of alfalfa under different phosphorous application levels.The ultimate aim of this research was to provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer utilization for the production of high-quality,high-yielding alfalfa by formulating a scientifically based and appropriate fertilization system.A pot experiment was conducted with a randomized block design.There were 16 treatments in total,consisting of four inoculation treatments[uninoculated control(CK,J_(0)),single inoculation with Bacillus megaterium(Bm,J1),single inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae(Fm,J_(2)),and double inoculation(Bm×Fm,J_(3))]and four phosphorus(P_(2)O_(5))application levels[0(P_(0)),50(P_(1)),100(P_(2))and 150 mg·kg^(-1)(P_(3))].The net photosynthetic rate(P_(n)),transpiration rate(T_(r)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),intercellular CO_(2)concentration(C_(i)),light energy use efficiency(LUE),water use efficiency(WUE),chlorophyll[Chl(a+b)]content,and biomass of alfalfa leaves were measured.Correlation analyses were conducted to clarify the relationship between each photosynthetic index and the biomass of alfalfa.The best combination of bacteria and phosphorus conditions in terms of biomass accumulation and photosynthetic characteristics of alfalfa was identified using a membership function analysis.It was found that,under the same inoculation treatment,the P_(n),T_(r),G_(s),LUE,WUE,Chl(a+b),and biomass all initially increased and then decreased with increasing phosphorus levels,with the maximum values in the P_(2)treatment.The values of these parameters were significantly higher in the phosphorus application treatments than in the no-phosphorus treatments(P<0.05).The value of Cigradually decreased with increasing phosphorus levels,and its value was significantly lower in the phosphorus application treatments than in the no-phosphorus treatments(P<0.05).Under the same phosphorus application level,the P_(n),T_(r),G_(s),LUE,WUE,Chl(a+b),and biomass of leaves were significantly higher in alfalfa plants inoculated with AMF and PSB than in uninoculated plants(P<0.05).The parameters Pn,Tr,Gs,LUE,WUE,and Chl(a+b)showed maximum values in the J_(3)treatment,while Cishowed the minimum value in J_(3)and was significantly lower in inoculated plants than in uninoculated ones(P<0.05).Correlation analyses showed that Ciwas significantly negatively correlated with P_(n),T_(r),G_(s),LUE,WUE,Chl(a+b)and biomass(P<0.05),and the other parameters were significantly and positively correlated with each other(P<0.05).A multivariate evaluation ranked the treatments on the basis of the comprehensive membership function values,and the top three were J_(3)P_(2)>J_(2)P_(2)>J_(3)P_(1).Therefore,a phosphorus application rate of 100 mg·kg^(-1)and double inoculation with AMF and PSB can significantly increase photosynthesis and the chlorophyll content of alfalfa leaves,thereby increasing the biomass of alfalfa.
作者
刘选帅
孙延亮
安晓霞
马春晖
张前兵
LIU Xuan-shuai;SUN Yan-liang;AN Xiao-xia;MA Chun-hui;ZHANG Qian-bing(College of Animal Science&Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期189-199,共11页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32260347
32001400)
霍英东青年教师基金(171099)
兵团科技创新骨干人才计划项目(2021CB034)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助。
关键词
紫花苜蓿
丛枝菌根真菌
解磷细菌
施磷
光合特性
生物量
alfalfa
AMF
phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria
phosphorus fertilizer application
photosynthetic characteristics
biomass
