摘要
为探明种植密度对膜下滴灌春大豆根系生长及产量的影响规律,研究5种田间种植密度,21.0万,27.0万,30.0万,33.0万和36.0万株·hm^(-2)(D1~D5处理),对膜下滴灌种植合农71在0~20 cm、20~40 cm、40~60 cm、60~80 cm和80~100 cm土层的根干重、侧根长、侧根表面积及产量的影响。结果表明:增加种植密度,R5期前各处理总根干重、总侧根长和总侧根表面积逐渐增大,R5期后呈则先增后降的变化趋势,不同土层不同时间的根系指标均以D2处理最高,主要归因于0~40 cm土层根系特征。40~80 cm土层,D2~D5处理的各根系指标均大于D1处理。R5期D2处理总根干重、总侧根长和总侧根表面积较大,比其它各处理分别增加5.26%~26.95%、4.67%~34.60%和8.34%~43.67%;R6期根干重和侧根表面积均与产量呈显著正相关关系,R~2分别为0.890和0.834。种植密度为27.0万株·hm^(-2)时,单位面积总荚数和总粒数较高,产量为5 636.67 kg·hm^(-2),较其它各处理增加9.02%~20.61%。结果说明,膜下滴灌春播种植合农71的最适播种密度为27.0万株·hm^(-2),适宜的种植密度能够显著促进膜下滴灌种植春大豆的根系生长、增加侧根长和侧根表面积,从而提高产量。
In order to explore the effect of planting density on root growth and yield of spring soybean under mulched drip irrigation, we studied the effects of five field planting densities, 210, 270, 300, 330 and 360 thousand plants·ha^(-1)(D1-D5treatments) on root dry matter, lateral root length, lateral root surface area and yield of Henong 71 in 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm and 80-100 cm soil layer under mulched drip irrigation. The results showed that, with the increase of density, the total root dry weight, total lateral root length and total lateral root surface area of each treatment increased before R5 stage, and increased firstly and then decreased after R5 stage. In different soil layers and at different times, the above root characteristics of D2treatment was the highest, mainly due to the change of root characteristic parameters in 0-40 cm soil layer. The root characteristics of D2-D5treatment in 40-80 cm soil layer were higher than those of D1treatment. The total root dry weight, total lateral root length and total lateral root surface area of D2treatment at R5 stage were larger than those of other treatments, which increased by 5.26%-26.95%,4.67%-34.60% and 8.34%-43.67%, respectively. Root dry weight and lateral root surface area at R6 stage were positively correlated with yield, R~2 values were 0.890 and 0.834, respectively. The total pods and seeds number per unit area of D2treatment were the highest, and the yield was 5 636.67 kg·ha^(-1), which increased by 9.02%-20.61% compared with other treatments. The results show that the appropriate sowing density of spring sowing planting under membrane drip irrigation for Henong 71 is 270 thousand plants·ha^(-1), and the suitable planting density can significantly promote the root growth of spring soybeans planted under membrane drip irrigation, increase lateral root length and lateral root surface area, thereby increase yield.
作者
任金涛
张家新
白盼盼
王聪
章建新
REN Jin-tao;ZHANG Jia-xin;BAI Pan-pan;WANG Cong;ZHANG Jian-xin(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期679-687,共9页
Soybean Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(32160520)
新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(2020E0218)。
关键词
膜下滴灌
春大豆
根系
产量
drip irrigation under mulch
spring soybean
roots
yield
