摘要
为了研究黄芪多糖(APS)和茯苓多糖(WCP)对长江鲟幼鱼抗氧化指标、免疫指标和消化酶活性的影响,试验将150尾10月龄长江鲟幼鱼随机分为5组,分别为空白对照组、APS0.1组(按体重添加黄芪多糖0.1 g/kg)、APS0.2组(按体重添加黄芪多糖0.2 g/kg)、WCP0.1组(按体重添加茯苓多糖0.1 g/kg)和WCP0.2组(按体重添加茯苓多糖0.2 g/kg),每组3个重复,每个重复10尾,各组在基础日粮中按照鱼体重量添加不同含量的黄芪多糖和茯苓多糖,用水稀释成糊状,每天灌服1次,连续投喂20 d。试验第20天每个重复随机选取5尾尾静脉采血,分离血清,检测抗氧化指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、丙二醛(MDA)]、免疫指标[免疫球蛋白(IgG)、免疫球蛋白(IgM)、补体3(C3)、补体4(C4)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、溶菌酶(LZM)、抗菌肽(TP)]、抗应激指标[皮质醇(COR)、热休克蛋白-70(HSP-70)、褪黑素(MT)]、肠道消化酶指标[肠蛋白酶、肠脂肪酶、肠淀粉酶],并分析黄芪多糖和茯苓多糖对长江鲟幼鱼抗氧化、免疫、抗应激及消化功能影响程度,同时分析各指标间的相关性。结果表明:与空白对照组相比,APS0.2组长江鲟幼鱼血清SOD、POD、CAT、GSH-Px活性及T-AOC(P<0.05)显著提高,血清MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),效果好于APS0.1组;WCP0.2组血清POD、GSH-Px活性及血清T-AOC显著提高(P<0.05),血清MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),效果好于WCP0.1组;APS0.2组长江鲟幼鱼血清IgG、IgM、C3、C4、TP含量及AKP、LZM活性显著提高(P<0.05),且作用效果优于APS0.1组;WCP0.1组、WCP0.2组长江鲟幼鱼血清IgG、C3含量及LZM活性均提高,其中WCP0.2组均与空白对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。APS0.1组、APS0.2组长江鲟幼鱼幼鱼血清COR含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。APS0.2组和WCP0.2组长江鲟幼鱼肠道消化酶活性均显著提高(P<0.05)。黄芪多糖对长江鲟幼鱼抗氧化、免疫、抗应激及消化功能均产生影响,其中ASP0.2组的影响能力强于APS0.1组;茯苓多糖对长江鲟幼鱼的抗氧化、免疫及消化功能产生一定的影响,其中WCP0.2组的影响能力较大,WCP0.1组影响甚微,而对抗应激能力没有产生影响。长江鲟幼鱼抗氧化、免疫、抗应激、消化酶活性指标间存在一定的关联性,但相关性较复杂。说明在日粮中添加适量的黄芪多糖和茯苓多糖均能够增强长江鲟幼鱼的抗氧化、抗应激、免疫和肠道消化酶功能,其中黄芪多糖的作用效果优于茯苓多糖,建议在长江鲟幼鱼日粮中添加0.2 g/kg黄芪多糖。
In order to research the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides(APS)and Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharides(WCP)on antioxidant indexes,immune indexes and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus,in the experiment,15010-month-old juvenile Acipenser dabryanus were randomly divided into 5 groups,namely blank control group,APS0.1 group(adding Astragalus polysaccharide 0.1 g/kg according to body weight),APS0.2 group(adding Astragalus polysaccharide 0.2 g/kg according to body weight),WCP0.1 group(adding Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharide 0.1 g/kg according to body weight)and WCP0.2 group(adding Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharide 0.2 g/kg according to body weight)with 3 replicates per group and 10 tails per replicate.Each group was added different contents of Astragalus polysaccharides and Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharides in the basal diet according to the weight of fish,diluted into a paste with water,and fed once a day for 20 d.Blood was collected from the tail vein of 5 randomly selected fish in each replicate on the 20th day of the experiment,and the serum was separated;those indexes were detected,including antioxidant indexes(superoxide dismutase[SOD],peroxidase[POD],catalase[CAT],glutathione peroxidase[GSH-Px],total antioxidant capacity[T-AOC],malondialdehyde[MDA]),immune indexes(immunoglobulin[IgG],immunoglobulin[IgM],complement 3[C3],complement 4[C4],alkaline phosphatase[AKP],gamma interferon[IFN-γ],lysozyme[LZM],antimicrobial peptide[TP]),anti-stress indexes(cortisol[COR],heat shock protein-70[HSP-70],melatonin[MT]),intestinal digestive enzyme indexes(intestinal protease,intestinal lipase,intestinal amylase).The extent of the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides and Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharides was analyzed on the antioxidant,immune,anti-stress and digestive functions of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus,and meanwhile the correlation between the indexes was analyzed.The results showed that compared with the blank control group,the activities of serum SOD,POD,CAT,GSH-Px and T-AOC of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus significantly increased in the APS0.2 group(P<0.05),and the serum MDA content significantly reduced(P<0.05),which was better than those in the APS0.1 group.The serum POD,GSH-Px activity and serum T-AOC significantly increased in the WCP0.2 group(P<0.05),and serum MDA contentsignificantly reduced(P<0.05),which was better than those in the WCP0.1 group.The serum IgG,IgM,C3,C4 and TP contents and AKP and LZM activities of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus significantly increased in the APS0.2 group(P<0.05),and the effect was better than those in the APS0.1 group.The serum IgG,C3 contents and LZM activity of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus increased in the WCP0.1 group and WCP0.2 group,among which the difference between the WCP0.2 group and the blank control group was significant(P<0.05).The serum COR content of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus significantly reduced in the APS0.1 group and APS0.2 group(P<0.05).The intestinal digestive enzyme activity of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus significantly increased in the APS0.2 and WCP0.2 groups(P<0.05).Astragalus polysaccharides affected all the antioxidant,immune,anti-stress and digestive functions of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus,with the ASP0.2 group having a stronger ability to affect than the APS0.1 group.Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharides had a certain effect on antioxidant,immune and digestive functions of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus.The WCP0.2 group had a greater ability to influence;the WCP0.1 group had little effect,and there was no effect on the ability to resist stress.There were some correlations among antioxidant,immune,anti-stress and digestive enzyme activity indexes of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus,but the correlations were complex.The results suggested that the addition of adequate Astragalus polysaccharides and Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharides in the feed could enhance the antioxidant,anti-stress,immune and intestinal digestive enzyme functions of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus,in which the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides was better than Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharides.It was recommended to add 0.2 g/kg of Astragalus polysaccharides to the diet of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus.
作者
张建明
张德志
舒德斌
田甜
饶军
苏巍
ZHANG Jianming;ZHANG Dezhi;SHU Debin;TIAN Tian;RAO Jun;SU Wei(Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute,China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443100,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Fishes Conservation,Yichang 443100,China)
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第2期110-118,共9页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科技计划项目(WWKY-2021-0003
JG/18001B)。
关键词
长江鲟幼鱼
黄芪多糖
茯苓多糖
抗氧化指标
免疫指标
消化酶活性
juvenile Acipenser dabryanus
Astragalus polysaccharides
Wolfiporia cocos polysaccharides
antioxidant indexes
immune indexes
digestive enzyme activity
