摘要
目的了解成都市金牛区60岁及以上老年人慢性病共病现况,探究其影响因素,为共病防控提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,于2019年对四川省成都市金牛区60岁及以上常住居民的健康状况进行问卷调查,通过χ^(2)检验对老年人慢性病共病情况进行比较分析,采用无序多分类Logistic回归模型探究老年人共病的影响因素,以P<0.05为有差异统计学意义。结果2019年在成都市金牛区共调查60岁及以上常住老年人8335名,该区老年人慢性病患病率为48.1%,慢性病共病率为16.6%。在共病老年人群中,最常见疾病组合为高血压+糖尿病,占40.0%。经无序多分类Logistic回归分析显示,老年人慢性病共病与年龄、收入、BMI、吸烟、饮酒、饮食口味及身体活动相关。70~79岁(OR=2.605,95%CI:2.253~3.012)、≥80岁(OR=3.630,95%CI:3.012~4.375)、家庭人均月收入在2000~3999元(OR=1.533,95%CI:1.286~1.827)、≥4000元(OR=2.215,95%CI:1.774~2.545)、戒烟(OR=1.915,95%CI:1.498~2.447)、超重(OR=1.437,95%CI:1.249~1.653)及肥胖(OR=3.077,95%CI:2.497~3.791)老年人慢性病共病风险更高;饮酒1~4天/周(OR=0.503,95%CI:0.344~0.736)与5~7天/周(OR=0.526,95%CI:0.393~0.703)、锻炼身体(OR=0.810,95%CI:0.676~0.972)、饮食口味适中(OR=0.850,95%CI:0.742~0.974)老年人共病风险较低。结论该区老年人存在一定慢性病共病现象,共病主要危险因素为健康相关行为。需加强老年人共病防控意识,积极开展健康教育,养成良好生活行为习惯,降低慢性病共病发生的可能性。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of the comorbidity of chronic diseases among the elderly aged over 60 years old in Jinniu District of Chengdu City,to explore its influencing factors,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of comorbidity.Methods The multistage random sampling method was used,and a questionnaire survey was conducted on the health status of permanent residents aged 60 and above in Jinniu District,Chengdu City,Sichuan Province in 2019.The comorbidity of chronic diseases among the elderly was compared and analyzed throughχ^(2)-test.The influencing factors of the comorbidity among the elderly were explored by the disordered multi-classification logistic regression model.The difference was statistically significant with P<0.05.Results In 2019,a total of 8335 permanent residents aged 60 and above were surveyed in Jinniu District of Chengdu City.The prevalence rate of chronic diseases among the elderly in this area was 48.1%,and the prevalence rate of the comorbidity of chronic diseases was 16.6%.Among the elderly with comorbidity,the most common disease combination was hypertension and diabetes,accounting for 40.0%.The disordered multi-classification logistic regression analysis showed that the comorbidity of chronic diseases in the elderly was related to age,income,BMI(body mass index),smoking,drinking,dietary taste and physical activity.The elderly had a higher risk of comorbidity with the following situations:70~79 years old(odds ratio(OR)=2.605,95%confidence interval(CI):2.253~3.012),over 80 years old(3.630,3.012~4.375),family per capita monthly income of 2000~3999 yuan(1.533,1.286~1.827)or above4000 yuan(2.215,1.774~2.545),smoking cessation(1.915,1.498~2.447),overweight(1.437,1.249~1.653)and obesity(3.077,2.497~3.791).The risk of comorbidity in the elderly was lower with drinking alcohol for 1~4 days/week(OR=0.503,95%CI:0.344~0.736)or 5~7 days/week(0.526,0.393~0.703),exercising(0.810,0.676~0.972)and moderate diet(0.850,0.742~0.974).Conclusions There was a certain phenomenon of the comorbidity of chronic diseases among the elderly in this area,and the main risk factors of comorbidity were health-related behaviors.It is necessary to strengthen the awareness of comorbidity prevention and control among the elderly,actively carry out health education,develop good living habits and reduce the possibility of comorbidity of chronic diseases.
作者
朱佩媛
雷方
乔彬
任晓晖
ZHU Pei-yuan;LEI Fang;QIAO Bin;REN Xiao-hui(West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China;Jinniu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610036,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2023年第1期84-92,共9页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
四川省科技厅软件科学项目(项目编号:2022JDR0196)。
关键词
老年人
慢性病
共病
the elderly
chronic diseases
comorbidity
