摘要
为准确获取气体静压主轴的动力学模态特性,分别建立主轴转子及主轴部件的有限元模型,对有限元模型中添加的弹簧及电机约束边界条件进行了研究,并分别对以上两个有限元模型进行模态计算。比较两种情况下的结构固有频率、振型趋势及各阶模态下的有效参与质量,分析主轴部件中的外壳对主轴转子模态参数的影响,其中仅保留主轴转子的前六阶固有频率为1.5 Hz、277 Hz、279 Hz、316 Hz、384 Hz、385 Hz,而主轴部件的前六阶固有频率为1.5 Hz、259 Hz、270 Hz、281 Hz、352 Hz、363 Hz,以上结果中均包含刚体模态及重根模态。两者比较结果表明主轴部件的固有频率因其质量的增加而有所降低,且主轴部件不再满足对称结构形式,因而相对于仅保留主轴转子重根模态的情况有所减弱。基于有限元仿真分析结果,进一步对主轴部件进行模态试验验证,通过仿真与试验对比,结果表明主轴转子的有限元仿真结果与试验测量结果更加贴近,其前三阶误差分别为0.6%、10.6%和2.6%。上述仿真边界条件的加载与计算过程及试验测试方法对进一步提高气体静压主轴模态参数仿真精度及修正动力学仿真模型提供了有益参考。
In order to accurately obtain the dynamic modal characteristics of aerostatic spindle,the finite element models of the spindle rotor and the spindle components are established respectively,the boundary conditions of spring and motor constraints added in the finite element model are studied,the modal calculation of the above two finite element models is carried out respectively.This paper makes a comparative analysis of the structural natural frequency,mode of vibration and effective participation mass of each mode under different conditions,and investigates the influence of the housing in the spindle components on the modal parameters of the spindle rotor.The first six natural frequencies of spindle rotor are 1.5 Hz、277 Hz、279 Hz、316 Hz、384 Hz、385 Hz.Correspondingly,the first six natural frequencies of the spindle components are 1.5 Hz、259 Hz、270 Hz、281 Hz、352 Hz、363 Hz.The above results include rigid body mode and doublet mode.The comparison results show that the natural frequency of the spindle component decreases due to the increase of its mass.Moreover,the spindle components do not meet the requirements of the symmetrical structure.Therefore,the result of the doublet mode of the spindle components is weakened.To verify the results of finite element simulation analysis,the modal test for spindle components is conducted.Through the comparison between simulation and test,the results show that the simulation results of the spindle rotor are closer to the experimental measurement results,and the first three order deviations are 0.6%,10.6%and 2.6%respectively.The loading and calculation process of the above simulation boundary conditions and testing methods provide significant reference for further improving the calculation accuracy of modal parameters of aerostatic spindle and revising the dynamic simulation model.
作者
王玉伟
吴东旭
索奇
肖北川
王辉
WANG Yuwei;WU Dongxu;SUO Qi;XIAO Beichuan;WANG Hui(General Technology Group Machine Tool Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101300,CHN)
出处
《制造技术与机床》
北大核心
2023年第2期12-20,共9页
Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool
