摘要
成功开展国际议程设置是拓展国际话语权的重要手段,也是大国展现国际形象的有效途径。回顾既有研究可以发现,议题发起方的权力优势和相关问题的紧迫性与重要性,影响着议题的形成和最终制度化。然而,若要使所倡导的议题得到认可并成功进入国际议程中,“议题传播”同样是关键阶段。文章着眼于国际议程设置在议题传播阶段的效果,借鉴框架理论的相关研究,考察了议题接收方的既有认知,进而将议程设置中的各方态度进行操作化发现,“传者框架与受众框架之间的互动是影响议题传播效果和议程设置成败的关键”。当两种框架不一致甚至存在冲突时,议程设置或是成败不明、或会走向失败。加拿大推动国际禁雷议程因框架匹配而获得成功、欧洲应对难民危机因框架模糊而效果未知、美苏核裁军倡议因框架冲突而失败,这三个事件可作为典型案例进行验证。文章的研究结论与政策启示在于,作为具有国际影响力的大国,中国在开展国际议程设置活动时,需要综合考察议题接收方的多元利益,使议题在符合各方共同利益的同时,尽可能避免与接收方的核心利益产生冲突,以实现各国共同利益和一国优先利益的平衡。此外,一国需要以负责任大国形象和践行正确的义利观等方式来提升并维护行为体认同,如此方能实现框架匹配,保证议题传播的效果。
The relative power advantage of an issue initiator,and the significance and urgency of the related issues influence the formation and institutionalization of the issue.However,in order to ensure the advocated issue being recognized and successfully push it into the international agenda,issue communication is also critical.Focusing on the effect of the issue communication stage,borrowing from the relevant research of frame theory,this article finds that interactions between the communicator frame and audience frame play a decisive role in the effect of issue communication and success/failure of agenda setting.For example,Canada’s promotion of the international ban on land mines has been successful because of synergies between communicator frame and audience frame.Meanwhile,the unknown effect of Europe’s response to the refugee crisis due to lack of clarity of audience frame.Another classical case is the failure of U.S.-Soviet nuclear disarmament initiative due to the conflicting frames.The research concludes offering the following policy insights:when China moves to set an international agenda,it should consider the diverse interests of issue receivers,endeavoring to achieve a balance between the common interests of all countries and the priority interest of one country.Moreover,one state needs to promote and maintain the identity of actors through the image of a responsible major power and the practice of shared interests and common good.This can help achieve frame matching and guarantee the effect of issues communication.
作者
杨娜
程弘毅
Yang Na;Cheng Hongyi(Zhou Enlai School of Government in Nankai University)
出处
《当代亚太》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期135-165,168,共32页
Journal of Contemporary Asia-Pacific Studies
基金
国家社科基金一般项目(项目编号:20BGJ075)的阶段性成果。
关键词
国际议程设置
框架理论
传者—受众框架
议题传播
International Agenda Setting
Frame Theory
CommunicatorAudience Frame
Issue Communication
