摘要
采用虾稻1号水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种进行机械精量穴直播、无人机撒播和无人机条播3种播种方式,综合考察对水稻叶面积指数、叶片SPAD、光合速率、地上部干物质积累转运以及产量的影响。结果表明,机械精量穴直播、无人机撒播和无人机条播直播模式下的产量分别为8.05、9.52、8.52 t/hm^(2),无人机撒播处理增产效果最佳。无人机撒播处理下花后水稻群体具有较高的叶面积指数,且生育后期叶片SPAD保持较高水平,稳定了后期地上部光合干物质积累、提高干物质向子粒的分配运转,保证有效穗数和千粒重的增加。因此,采用无人机撒播的直播方式并配合合理的水肥管理技术,提高叶面积指数、稳定群体有效穗数,可以提高直播水稻丰产稳产能力。
Adopted Xiadao1 rice variety,three sowing methods,namely mechanical precision hole seeding,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)broadcast sowing and UAV drill sowing,were used to comprehensively investigate the effects of rice leaf area index,leaf SPAD,photosynthetic rate,aboveground dry matter accumulation and transport,and yield.The results showed that the yield of mechanical precision hole seeding,UAV broadcast sowing and UAV drill sowing were 8.05,9.52 and 8.52 t/hm^(2),respectively,and the UAV broadcast sowing treatment had the best yield increase effect.The main reasons for the increased yield in UAV broadcast sowing treatment were the post-flowering rice population had a higher leaf area index,and the leaf SPAD maintained a higher level at the later growth stage,which stabilized the photosynthetic dry matter accumulation in the aboveground part,improved the dry matter and grain distribution operation,and ensured the increase of effective ear and 1000-grain weight.Therefore,using UAV broadcast sowing combined with reasonable water and fertilizer management technology to improve the leaf area index and stabilize the effective ear number could enhance the stable yield of direct seeded rice.
作者
杨晓龙
汪本福
李阳
张枝盛
张作林
潘高峰
王彪
杨蓝天
程建平
YANG Xiao-long;WANG Ben-fu;LI Yang;ZHANG Zhi-sheng;ZHANG Zuo-lin;PAN Gao-feng;WANG Biao;YANG Lan-tian;CHENG Jian-ping(Institute of Food Crops/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xiangyang 441057,Hubei,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2022年第24期15-18,39,共5页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA229)
粮食作物种质创新与遗传改良湖北省重点实验室开放课题(2020lzjj03)。
