摘要
湖南省97个国家气象站自2017年开始陆续安装了雨滴谱仪,2018年1月1日起进行平行观测。为分析评估其探测降水量的准确性,选取湖南省12个国家站2018年雨滴谱仪观测资料和自动站翻斗雨量计小时降水资料,从总体观测误差、不同降水量级下观测误差和累积降水量观测误差3个方面进行对比分析。结果表明:①雨滴谱仪小时降水量和翻斗雨量计小时降水量存在显著的相关性,决定系数平均为0.94,其中南岳站决定系数最低为0.90,浏阳站决定系数最高为0.98,12个站的小时降水量绝对偏差均值为0.34 mm;②当小时降水量R_(h)<1.0 mm时,各站雨滴谱仪降水量较翻斗雨量计降水量平均偏大0.05 mm,且平均差值绝对值均在0.2 mm以下;当1.0 mm≤R_(h)<2.6 mm时,大部分站点雨滴谱降水量均大于或与翻斗雨量计降水量相当;当2.6 mm≤R_(h)<5.0 mm时,株洲和南岳站雨滴谱降水量较翻斗雨量计降水量明显偏小,武冈和娄底站雨滴谱仪降水量则明显偏大;当5.0 mm≤R_(h)<8.0 mm时,除株洲和南岳站外,其它各站雨滴谱降水量均大于或与翻斗雨量计降水量相当;当8.0 mm≤R_(h)<16.0 mm时,除株洲和南岳站雨滴谱仪降水量偏小外,其他各站雨滴谱仪降水量均较翻斗雨量计降水量偏大;当R_(h)≥16.0 mm时,雨滴谱仪降水量偏差明显变大,平均偏差绝对值达到3.57 mm;③雨滴谱仪累计降水量和翻斗雨量计累计降水量变化趋势基本一致,除汨罗和南岳站外,雨滴谱仪累计降水量常表现为偏多。通过分析可见,湖南省雨滴谱仪雨量观测有较好可靠性,可为强降水监测预警、人工影响天气及降水数据订正等提供数据支撑。
Laser distrometers were equipped in 97 national meteorological stations in Hunan from 2017,and were used in parallel observation from January 1,2018.The precipitation data of 12 meteorological stations by the dstrometers and rain gauges in 2018 are collected to evaluate the errors of the observed precipitation of distrometers in total,in different precipitation grades and in cumulation precipitation.The results show that:①A significant correlation is found between the precipitation observed from disdrometers and rain gauges with an average decision coefficient of 0.94,which is a minimum of 0.90 in Nanyue station and a maximum of 0.98 in Liuyang station.The mean absolute deviation is as low as 0.34 mm.②When the hourly precipitation is less than 1.0 mm,the precipitation observed by disdrometers is 0.05 mm higher than that observed by rain gauges in average,and the absolute value of average errors is lower than 0.2 mm;when the hourly precipitation is between 1.0 mm and 2.6 mm,the precipitation observed by disdrometers almost equals to that observed by rain gauges in most of the stations;when the hourly precipitation is between 2.6 mm and 5.0 mm,the precipitation observed by disdrometers at Zhuzhou and Nanyue stations is lesser than that abserved by rain gauges,while that at Wugang and Loudi stations is more than that observed by rain gauges;when the hourly precipitation is between 5.0 mm and 8.0 mm,besides in Zhuzhou and Nanyue stations,the precipitation observed by disdrometers is more than that observed by rain gauges;when the hourly precipitation is between 8.0 mm and 16.0 mm,the precipitation observed by disdrometers at other stations is larger than that observed by rain gauges,except Zhuzhou and Nanyue station;when the hourly precipitation is more than 16.0 mm,the errors increase obviously between precipitation observed by distrometers and rain gauges,and the average error reaches 3.57 mm.③A similar trend is demonstrated between the cumulation precipitation observed by distrometers and rain gauges,and the distrometers have more cumulation precipitation aside from Miluo and Nanyue stations.The analysis leads to a conclusion that the precipitation observed by distrometer in Hunan is reliable,which could provide data support for heavy precipitation monitoring and warning,artificial weather modification and precipitation data correction.
作者
罗林艳
罗宇
周建君
王亚
张思睿
LUO Linyan;LUO Yu;ZHOU Jianjun;WANG Ya;ZHANG Sirui(Hunan Meteorological Information Center,Changsha 410118,China;Hunan Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Changsha 410118,China;China Meteorological Administration Training Center Hunan Branch,Changsha 410125,China)
出处
《中低纬山地气象》
2022年第6期108-114,共7页
Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology
基金
湖南省气象局面上科研项目:降水类天气现象仪与常规降水观测对比分析(XQKJ19B066)
湖南GPS反演可降水量精度分析及改进研究(XQKJ19B053)。
关键词
雨滴谱仪
自动气象站
降水量
对比分析
湖南
disdrometer
automatic weather station
precipitation
comparative analysis
Hunan
