摘要
脉冲功率装置中包括固-液、固-气及固体-真空等多种绝缘方式,涉及的绝缘失效类型包括固体击穿、气体击穿、液体击穿、真空击穿及沿面闪络等。在进行绝缘设计时,不同绝缘失效类型均需考虑。总结并提出了脉冲功率装置中混合绝缘结构的设计方法,基本思想是使混合绝缘结构中不同绝缘形式的可靠度相等。该方法的理论基础有2点:一是描述短脉冲下固、液、气、真空击穿及沿面闪络阈值的统一计算公式;二是描述不同绝缘形式的可靠度计算公式。基于以上2点,给出了脉冲功率装置中绝缘设计的一般步骤:(1)识别混合绝缘结构的潜在失效风险;(2)计算出各绝缘形式50%可靠度所对应的击穿电场强度或沿面闪络电场强度;(3)计算出给定可靠度和寿命下的外施电场;(4)通过仿真获得绝缘结构中关键位置的最大外施电场强度;(5)比较给定外施电场和仿真外施电场,决定是否进行下一步优化。
Insulation forms in pulsed power generators include solid-liquid,solid-gas,and solid-vacuum structures.The insulation failure patterns include solid breakdown,gas breakdown,liquid breakdown,vacuum breakdown,and vacuum surface flashover.When designing a solid insulation structure in pulsed power systems,all these failure patterns should be taken into account.The theoretical basis for solid insulation design method have two points,one is the unified electric field formula for different types of discharge;and the other is the reliability formula for different insulation forms.Based on these two points,the general steps for insulation design are summarized.First,recognize the potential failure patterns in a insulation structure.Second,calculate the discharge field which corresponds to 50%reliability.Third,calculate the field under a given reliability and a rating lifetime.Fourth,find the maximum applied field in different positions in the structure.Fifth,compare the field under a given reliability and the simulated maximum field to determine whether to optimize or not.
作者
赵亮
李锐
程杰
邱旭东
喻斌雄
尚蔚
高明珠
ZHAO Liang;LI Rui;CHENG Jie;QIU Xudong;YU Binxiong;SHANG Wei;GAO Mingzhu(Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China;Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices of Ministry of Education,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;College of Advanced Multidisciplinary Studies,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410072,China)
出处
《现代应用物理》
2022年第4期105-111,118,共8页
Modern Applied Physics
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51377135)。
关键词
脉冲功率装置
绝缘设计
可靠度
击穿阈值
寿命
pulsed power systems
insulation design
reliability
breakdown field
lifetime
