摘要
风吹雪为寒区常见天气现象,会降低高速公路交通能见度,影响行车安全.本文基于京新高速公路沿线风吹雪灾害易发区域现场调查和环境监测,总结分析了风吹雪现象的影响因素及其与路基结构形式的关系.依据实测雪粒参数建立多相流数值模型,研究了挡雪板结构参数对风雪场的影响.研究结果表明:复杂的地形地貌和气候条件导致风吹雪灾害呈现时空不均匀分布特征,其中路堑形式较路堤形式更易产生积雪,积雪平台和挡雪板能够明显减少道路表面积雪.挡雪板下部的离地间隙对近地面流场产生加速作用,导致板后雪粒沉积量增多,挡雪板高度会影响挡雪板下风侧积雪沉积范围,挡雪板孔隙率会影响板前和板后的积雪堆积形态;在降雪多、储雪场地大的路段可适当增加挡雪板底部间隙和高度,并将挡雪板孔隙率设置在0.4~0.6之间.研究成果可为高速公路风吹雪灾害防治提供技术依据.
Snowdrift is a common weather phenomenon in cold areas, which can reduce the traffic visibility on expressway and affect driving safety. This paper summarized the influencing factors of snowdrift and its relationship with subgrade structure based on the field investigation and environmental monitoring of snowdrift hazard-prone areas along the Beijing-Xinjiang Expressway. The multiphase flow numerical model is established based on the measured parameters of snow particles, and the effect of different structure parameters of the snow guard is studied. The results show that the complex topography and climate conditions lead to huge spatial-temporal heterogeneity of snow distribution due to snow drifting. The snow is easier to be deposited on the road cutting form than the embankment form, and the snow platform and snow guard can significantly reduce the snow on the road surface.The gap at the bottom of the snow guard accelerates the flow field near the ground and the snow particles extend to the leeward side, the height of the snowboard will affect the snow deposition range on the leeward side of the snow guard, and the porosity will affect the snow accumulation pattern in front of and behind the snow guard. For areas with heavy snowfall and large snow storage space, the gap at the bottom and the height of the snow guard can be appropriately increased, and it is recommended that the porosity of the snow guard be set between 0.4 and 0.6. The research results can provide technical basis for the prevention and control of snowdrift hazard on expressway.
作者
戴明
DAI Ming(China Railway Construction Investment Group Corporation Limited,Zhuhai Guangdong 519000,China)
出处
《北京交通大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期132-143,共12页
JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY
基金
国家自然科学基金(51778051)
中国铁建股份有限公司科技研究开发计划资助项目(2018-C54)
中国铁建投资集团有限公司京新高速科技研发项目(2018)。
关键词
高速公路
风吹雪
现场调查
数值模拟
挡雪板
expressway
snowdrift
on-site investigation
numerical simulation
snow guard
