摘要
为明确不同水分管理模式和播种后镇压对小麦干物质积累及产量形成的影响,以烟农19为材料,在大田条件下设置雨养(RI)、雨养+播后镇压(RC)、传统漫灌(TI)、传统漫灌+播后镇压(TC)、微喷灌(MI)和微喷灌+播后镇压(MC)处理,研究不同处理对小麦干物质积累及产量的影响。结果表明,与RI和TI处理比较,MI处理产量分别提高了44.2%和11.0%;RI处理产量最低,是由于穗数、穗粒数和粒重的显著下降所致,而TI处理产量较MI处理下降是由穗粒数和粒重显著降低导致。雨养和传统漫灌下播后镇压较其未镇压处理显著提升了产量,分别提高14.1%和6.2%。与TI和RI处理比较,MI处理开花期和灌浆期具有较高的群体叶面积指数(LAI)、旗叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值),籽粒平均灌浆速率和成熟期干物质积累量;相比未镇压处理,镇压后,雨养和传统漫灌下LAI提升,雨养和微喷灌处理下灌浆期旗叶SPAD值显著增加,籽粒灌浆速率提高,从而促进了粒重增加和群体干物质积累。总之,微喷灌+播后镇压能促进小麦群体的形成,延缓叶片衰老,提高小麦的穗粒数及千粒重,从而增加小麦产量,为试验区推荐小麦栽培模式。
In order to clarify the effect of different irrigation management practices and soil compaction after sowing on dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat, a cultivar Yannong 19 was selected as the trial material in this field study, and rain-fed(RI),rain-fed and soil compaction after sowing(RC),traditional flooding irrigation(TI),traditional flooding irrigation and soil compaction after sowing(TC),micro-sprinkling irrigation(MI),and micro-sprinkling irrigation and soil compaction after sowing(MC) were designed. The effect of different treatments on dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat was investigated in this experiment. The results showed that, compared with RI and TI,the yields of MI was increased by 44.2% and 11.0%,respectively. The lowest yield in RI was attributed to the significant decrease in spike number, grain number per spike(GN) and thousand-kernel weight(TKW),and both GN and TKW of TI significantly decreased than those of MI,resulting in a decline in yield. However, the treatments of soil compaction after sowing significantly increased yield in rain-fed and traditional irrigation practices, by 14.1% and 6.21%,respectively. MI maintained a higher population leaf area index(LAI) and flag leaf chlorophyll content(SPAD value) at anthesis and filling stages, and significantly improved the grain filling rate, and the accumulation of dry matter at maturity was significantly higher than that of TI and RI. Soil compaction after sowing improved the LAI in rain-fed and traditional irrigation treatments, and it significantly improved SPAD value in rain-fed and micro-sprinkling practices during the grain filling stage, accelerated the grain filling, and thus increased TKW and the dry matter accumulation. Overall, micro-sprinkling irrigation and soil compaction after sowing promoted the formation of wheat population, delayed the senescence of leaf, improved the GN and TKW,and realized the high-yield production of wheat in Huaibei Plain.
作者
李金鹏
黄敬尧
王坤坤
李中蔚
李昕悦
李金才
宋有洪
LI Jinpeng;HUANG Jingyao;WANG Kunkun;LI Zhongwei;LI Xinyue;LI Jincai;SONG Youhong(School of Agronomy,Anhui Agricultural University,Anhui,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期1518-1526,共9页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31871563)
安徽农业大学引进与稳定人才项目(yj2019-01)
“十四五”安徽省小麦现代产业技术体系建设专项。
关键词
小麦
微喷灌
干物质积累
籽粒产量
Wheat
Micro-sprinkling
Dry matter accumulation
Grain yield
