摘要
生产批量是基于揉单生产的定制衣柜生产线生产管理的重要决策之一,生产批量的设置直接影响到生产效率,间接对订单交付和生产成本造成影响。针对生产线生产批量设置模糊的问题,以A企业某定制衣柜生产线为例,分析该生产线的运行机理,收集整理生产线板件的工艺流程、设备配置布局、加工工时数据,通过Plant Simulation软件逐步创建生产线仿真模型,并通过与实际生产时间对比,验证了模型的有效性。然后在仿真模型的基础上设计了两部分生产批量实验:其一为平均生产批量实验,各批次单量平均分配,保持订单总量不变,将平均生产批量逐次增加,观察仿真生产时间的变化情况;其二为生产批量梯度实验,保持订单总量及平均生产批量不变,各批次单量成梯度分配,观察梯度改变时仿真生产时间的变化情况。结合生产批量与板材利用率的正相关关系,生产批量的最优取值及分配方式为:平均生产批量为36~41单,且各批次单量平均分配或梯度为1。本研究可为该生产线的生产批量决策提供参考,也为其他生产管理问题的解决提供了思路与方法。
Production batch is one of the important decisions in production management of customized wardrobe production line based on mixed production. The setting of production batch directly affects production efficiency, and indirectly affects order delivery and production cost. In view of the fuzzy setting of production batch in the production line, this study took a customized wardrobe production line in an enterprise as an example, analyzed the operation mechanism of the production line, collected and collated the process flow, equipment configuration and layout, and processing man-hours data of the production line, and gradually established the production line simulation model using the software of Plant Simulation. The real order plate data of the production line were collected, and the simulation production time outputs by the simulation model were compared with the actual production time durations of these orders, which verified the effectiveness of the model. Then, through the real order plate data of the production line, two parts of production batch experiments were designed based on the simulation model. One was the order quantity of each batch that was evenly distributed, the total order quantity was kept unchanged, the production batch was gradually increased, and the change of simulation production time was observed. The second was to keep the total order quantity and the average production batch unchanged, and the order quantity of each batch was distributed in gradient and the change of simulation production time was observed when the gradient changed. Combined with the positive correlation between the production batch and the plate utilization ratio, the reduction of production time and the improvement of plate utilization rate were taken as the optimization goals, the comprehensive optimization can be obtained, the production batch value was 36-41 orders and the average distribution of each batch orders quantity or gradient was one for the optimal production batch value range of the production line. The effectiveness of the optimal production batch in actual production was verified through the engineering orders design experiment. This study provides reference for the production batch decision of this production line, and the system simulation method adopted in this study can also be used in other production management decisions to help enterprises digital management and scientific decision-making.
作者
秦晓宇
徐伟
QIN Xiaoyu;XU Wei(College of Furnishings and Industrial Design,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Think Tank Forestry Industry Development Center,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)
出处
《林业工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期178-186,共9页
Journal of Forestry Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0601104)
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(202101148004)。
