摘要
为探讨不同氮肥用量和种植密度的综合效应对蒙古黄芪光合特性、有效成分和产量的调控机理,以蒙古黄芪为研究对象,于2019—2020年在绿洲区开展大田试验,采用裂区设计,种植密度(180000、240000、300000株·hm^(-2),分别记作D1、D2、D3)做主区,施氮量(0、40、80、120 kg N·hm^(-2),分别记作N0、N1、N2、N3)做裂区,测定蒙古黄芪生育期内的净光合速率、叶绿素含量、干物质积累特征、有效成分及产量等指标。结果表明,氮肥用量与种植密度的互作效应对黄芪净光合速率、叶绿素含量、干物质积累最大增长速率、产量和黄芪甲苷含量均具有显著影响(P<0.05)。在相同施氮水平下,与N2D1和N2D3处理相比,N2D2处理的净光合速率、叶绿素含量、干物质积累最大增长速率、产量、黄芪甲苷含量分别提高59.31%和38.88%、41.22%和15.18%、40.68%和7.22%、15.15%和10.52%、0.027和0.019个百分点。在相同种植密度下,与N0D2、N1D2、N3D2处理相比,N2D2处理的净光合速率、叶绿素含量、干物质积累最大增长速率、产量、黄芪甲苷含量分别提高75.18%、31.76%、17.79%,70.13%、22.28%、8.32%,39.36%、29.66%%、22.61%,144.66%、23.41%、20.47%,0.079、0.053、0.047个百分点。综上所述,氮肥施用量80 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)结合种植密度240000株·hm^(-2)(D2)是最优栽培模式,能够显著提高蒙古黄芪光合特性、产量和黄芪甲苷含量。本研究结果为蒙古黄芪合理施肥与密植提供了技术参考,在黄芪生产实践中具有重要推广价值。
To explore mechanism of combined effect of different fertilizer application and planting densities of regulation photosynthetic and yield and the content of astragaloside of Astragalus membranaceus,the cultivar“Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus”was used as materials to determine photosynthetic,chlorophyll content,dry matter accumulation characteristics,the content of astragaloside and yield under two-year field experiment in oasis area of Gansu province during 2019—2020.A split plot design was set in this experiment,with three plant densities(namely 1.8×10^(5),2.4×10^(5),3.0×10^(5) plants·hm^(-2),respectively,as D1,D2,D3)as the main plot,and four nitrogen application amount treatments(namely 0,40,80,120 kg N·hm^(-2),respectively,as N0,N1,N2,N3)as the split plot.The results showed that,the interaction effect of N fertilizer application and planting densities had significant influence on photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll relative content(SPAD)and the maximum dry matter accumulation rate and yield and content of astragaloside of Astragalus membranaceusof duration(P<0.05).Under the level of same nitrogen application treatments in growth stages ofAstragalus membranaceus,compared with the N2D1 and N2D3 treatments,the photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll relative content(SPAD)with N2D2 treatments increased by 59.31%and 38.88%,41.22%and 15.18%,the maximum dry matter accumulation rate and yield with N2D2 treatments increased by 40.68%and 7.22%,15.15%and 10.52%,and the content of astragaloside with N2D2 treatments increased by 0.027%and 0.019%,respectively.Under the level of same planting densities treatments in growth stages ofAstragalus membranaceus,compared with the N0D2 and N1D2 and N3D2 treatments,the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll relative content(SPAD)with N2D2 treatments increased by 75.18%,31.76%and 17.79%,70.13%,22.28%and 8.32%,the maximum dry matter accumulation rate and yield with N2D2 treatments increased by 39.36%,29.66%and 22.61%,144.66%,23.41%and 20.47%,and the content of astragaloside with N2D2 treatments increased by 0.079%,0.053%and 0.047%,respectively.In conclusion,the treatments with application interaction effect of nitrogen and planting density(80 kg·hm^(-2))and densities of 2.4×10^(5) plants·hm^(-2) could be considered as the optimal cultivation pattern management for further exploring the condition of enhancing photosynthetic and yield and the content of astragaloside.The results of this research provide technical reference for rational application of nitrogen fertilization and planting density and has the essential value of popularizing in production practice of for Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus.
作者
魏廷邦
魏玉杰
杨振华
臧广鹏
吴之涛
邴素霞
WEI Tingbang;WEI Yujie;YANG Zhenhua;ZANG Guangpeng;WU Zhitao;BING Suxia(Gansu Provincial Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Technology,Wuwei,Gansu 733006;Gansu Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Innovation and Safety Utilization of Special Drug Sources,Wuwei,Gansu 733006;Wuwei Technology Innovation Center of Genuine Medicinal Materials Ecological Cultivation In Qilian Mountain Area,Wuwei,Gansu 733006;Wuwei City Quality Measurement Inspection and Testing Center,Wuwei,Gansu 733000)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期1664-1675,共12页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
财政部、农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-21)
甘肃省青年科学基金项目(20JR5RA069)
甘肃省青年科学基金项目(20JR5RA068)
甘肃省农业工程技术研究院创新青年基金项目[甘农工院政(2020)19号-4]。
关键词
种植密度
氮肥
蒙古黄芪
黄芪甲苷含量
产量
planting density
nitrogen fertilizer
Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus
the content of astragaloside
yield
